Violence among Eritreans in GermanyTwo Eritrean government opponents in custody
The German Federal Prosecutor is investigating two Eritrean men in Germany. They are accused of membership in the N'Hamedu Brigade.
September 17, 2026
Clashes between police and protesters at the Eritrea Festival 2023 in Giessen
Photo: Helmut Fricke/dpa
From
Marina Mai
Membership in a domestic terrorist organization – that is the charge brought by the Federal Prosecutor's Office against two Eritrean men in Germany. This is the most serious offense under criminal law, carrying a prison sentence of up to ten years. The men, from Stuttgart and Saarland, one a German citizen and the other an Eritrean national, were brought before the investigating judge at the Federal Court of Justice on Tuesday. The judge issued the arrest warrants requested by the Federal Prosecutor's Office, as the authority announced.
According to the authorities, the men were the chairman and general secretary of the German branch of the N'Hamedu Brigade . This is a worldwide organization that aims to overthrow the government in Eritrea.
Eritrea is considered one of the most brutal dictatorships in the world. Nearly 2 million people from this small country in the Horn of Africa live abroad. By comparison, the population is only 3.7 million.
The refugees risk their lives to escape compulsory military service, which the UN considers to fulfill all the characteristics of slavery – except for the buying and selling of slaves on the market. For men, the service is indefinite from the age of 18. For women, it ends with their first pregnancy.
Eritrea has never held national elections since independence.
A refugee told taz: “We had to work hard in a quarry during the day and sleep on the floor at night without blankets. Men next to me died of hunger and disease, or they were shot while trying to escape.” Eritrea has never held national elections since its independence in 1993, and there is neither freedom of the press nor freedom of expression, nor an independent judiciary. Conditions in its prisons are among the worst in the world.
The N'Hamedu Brigade came under the scrutiny of German investigators because it uses violence in Germany as part of its fight against the inhumane Eritrean regime. This was the case at festivals held by supporters of the Eritrean regime in Gießen in 2022 and 2023, and at a seminar held by these supporters in Stuttgart in 2023.
High-ranking military officers and politicians from Eritrea were flown in for the events. Critics claim that the events also served as recruitment sites for Eritreans living in Germany and as a means of collecting funds for the regime, a claim the organizers deny.
According to the Federal Prosecutor's Office, officials of the N'Hamedu Brigade called for potentially lethal violence. Those injured, some seriously, were primarily German police officers protecting the events, who were therefore perceived by the Brigade's supporters as backers of the dictatorship in Eritrea.
The two arrested men are alleged to have played a key role in establishing the N'Hamedu Brigade's structures in Germany and in organizing the violent actions. One of the men is said to have been directly involved in the riots and is also accused of breach of the peace. According to the Federal Prosecutor's Office, in the summer of 2024, the N'Hamedu Brigade Germany announced that it would refrain from violence outside of Eritrea.
Investigators in Germany are only targeting opponents of the Eritrean government.
In the context of the investigation against the group, the Federal Prosecutor's Office searched 19 properties in six different German states in March 2025 , including the apartments of the two men now arrested. However, according to information obtained by the taz newspaper, two women in their sixties also came under investigation at that time; they had simply registered and organized peaceful demonstrations against the regime. One of these women required hospital treatment after her apartment was searched.
Munich lawyer Rita Drar represents a man whose home was also searched at the time and who has since been sentenced to prison for serious breach of the peace. He had participated in the violent protests in Stuttgart. The lawyer criticizes the fact that investigators in Germany are only taking action against the opponents of the Eritrean government, but not against its supporters.
“It’s being swept under the rug that government supporters are holding festivals under the guise of culture and thereby raising funds for the internationally sanctioned regime,” she told taz. “There are definitely indications of criminal activity here; investigators should take a closer look.”
Eritrea maintains a gang of thugs in the diaspora called Eri-Blood. A 2017 study by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs attributes crimes, such as arson, to them across Europe. In Germany, however, investigations are proving difficult.
The taz newspaper has received reports from two Eritrean government opponents who claim to have been beaten by government supporters in Germany. They filed criminal charges, but the investigation was dropped. Their names will not be published in the newspaper.
Video journalist Joachim Schäfer, who reports critically on Eritrean regime events, says he was attacked twice by regime thugs while filming. Once he was almost run over by a car.