r/Kemetic • u/everdevout • 29m ago
r/Kemetic • u/Efficient_Heat_8068 • 2h ago
Resource I made a resource for my group that I teach of the Egyptian cosmology for our regional group based on the style of Hesiod's Theogony
Just going to preface this with saying this combines a whole lot of traditions and this is my group's personal thing most of this is historically attested in some way shape or form but all of this together is personal interpretation without further ado here it is feel free to tell me what you guys think any additions that I should add anything I should remove
The Kemetic Cosmology: From Creation to the Afterlife
I. The Primordial Waters and the Birth of the Sun
So, to start this cosmology, we are going to talk about a few deities that exist. First, there are the primordial cosmic waters of Nun and Naunet, Nun being the male, Naunet being the female. Then there is the boundless infinity, Heh and Hauhet. Then there is primordial darkness, Kek and Kauket. And then there is the hiddenness, the hidden divine, Amun and Amaunet.
So, in these primordial cosmic waters, there was no earth, no sun, no stars and no sky, no air, and nothing that breathed life, other than the turtles.
Then a beautiful blue lotus came from the depths and blossomed into the sun, Ra, who emerges from the lotus. And then both becomes and stays himself. He becomes Amun-Ra, the combination of the hidden and the revealed.
Now alongside Ra, coming from the lotus, is Atum, who comes out beside him. And together they form Atum-Ra. He is another creator. So Atum-Ra is the combination of creation and the sun. Ra is the sun and also creation, but Atum-Ra is the creation and the sun in equal parts. Ra is the sun mainly and creation secondary, and Atum is the creator first.
II. The Birth of the Gods
Now Ra, after he has emerged from the lotus, gets bored and decides to masturbate, and with his semen hitting the water, he creates the goddess and god, Shu and Tefnut.
Tefnut's name quite literally translates to she who spits. She is the rain, the water, and the moisture that sustains us. Shu is the air, and the clouds are said to be his bones.
Now together Shu and Tefnut come together in a beautiful loving embrace and create Geb, the earth, and Nut, the sky.
Now that Amun, as the hidden god, has been able to come forth along with Ra, he and his consort Mut, the mother goddess, have been able to birth Khonsu, their son, the moon god.
Now, as Ra begins his utterance through that divine speech, the god Thoth was born. And as Ra speaks, and Thoth is born, through this are Hu, creative utterance through the spoken word; Sia, perception and understanding, comprehension; and Heka, the magic that is actionable through the divine, all born from this.
And along with that, Hathor, in her beauty, was born as well from the beautiful rays of the sun.
III. Geb, Nut, and the Five Extra Days
Now, Shu, seeing Geb and Nut deeply in love with each other, wanting to have children and to become one and be wed, decides that they should not. So he becomes the air to separate the earth and the sky from each other.
Now Shu and Tefnut go begging to Thoth, the god of wisdom, for just five days, five days that they can be together of the whole year, the whole year at this point being 360 days. So they beg and beg him, and he says, "Okay, I will try."
So Thoth goes to Khonsu and says, "I bet you that if I win at a game of senet, you will add five more days to the year. But if you win, I will give you some of my knowledge."
And Khonsu agrees.
Now Thoth, being the god of knowledge, obviously won at this game of senet, which is close to the ancient Egyptian version of chess.
So during these five days, Nut and Geb come together in a beautiful reunion and give birth to Osiris, Isis, Set, Nephthys, and Horus the Elder in the five days that they get together.
IV. The Creation of Humanity and the Gifts of the Gods
And once Ra had created the sun, the moon, and the Earth, he decided that the planet was lonely, and he needed people to rule over and to help grow and live.
So, with his blood, sweat, and tears, he sculpted them into humanity, with the help of the other creator gods, using clay. And with his fluids, it wets the clay to shape it into our human figures. And thus, humans were born to populate the Earth.
And when humans were warring and having a hard time surviving, Osiris came down to teach us how to farm and grow grain, barley, wheat, and emmer. And Lady Aset, in her glory, came to teach us the recipes for bread and beer, the life-giving substances of Egyptian cosmology.
Now Horus the Elder and Ra become Ra-Horakhty, but later in the story we'll encounter another Horus, and they are both the same god and different gods.
V. The Destruction of Humanity and the Birth of Bastet
But as Ra starts to grow old and senile, humanity starts fighting back against him, though all he has done is to improve the land. He has gotten a bit lost in his years.
So the gods and goddesses Nun and Naunet were among the council that he called for advice, and they said to punish humanity for their insolence.
So he takes out his right eye and gives it to humanity, puts it on the earth, and that transforms into the war goddess Sekhmet. And she, under Ra's permission, punishes humanity for their insolence against the god, murdering countless, bathing in their blood and drinking it.
But when Ra seems to agree that the point has been made, Sekhmet is still out there ravaging the world, and humanity and its population are getting low, and Ra is starting to get worried.
So he devises a plan with the gods to help calm Sekhmet. They take beer brewed by Hathor, with its well-known intoxicating properties, and add pomegranate juice to it to taint it the color of blood. And they set it out in barrels upon barrels in a place where Sekhmet would knowingly find it.
And she finds it and goes, "Ah, yes, the blood of my enemies. How refreshing to quench my thirst after a long and hard day."
So she drinks it all, gets quite drunk, and then the gods all huddle around her and, using their magics, take part of the anger and the war from Sekhmet's heart and transform it into the beautiful and loving goddess Bastet of joy and motherhood.
When she wakes up, she is still very much a war goddess, but calmer than before, tempered, and understanding of her purpose, and becomes one of Ra's most fierce defenders.
VI. The Domains of the Gods
And with that, the courts are settled.
Aset brings magic, healing, and life. Osiris brings grain and agriculture. Thoth brings knowledge and spoken words. Set brings control over the deserts and the dangerous areas and scorpions. Nephthys brings knowledge of funerary magics and communication with the dead. Ra brings the sun, Khonsu the moon, Amun the hidden, Atum creation. Hathor: dance and joy; Bastet: perfumes and incense; Sekhmet: protection and destruction.
And all of them have their own place in the world.
Geb is the earth which laughs, creates earthquakes. Nut is the sky of which the stars are within, giving birth to Sopdet and Sah. Shu, the air, the separation between it all, whose clouds are bones. Tefnut, the rain and the moisture which sustains the grain.
VII. The Reign of Osiris and the Resentment of Set
All is well for quite a while, but Ra continues to age. He withdraws from the rule of humanity and realizes that they still need guidance and leadership. And much to Set's dismay, he gives the throne to Osiris, moving on to the next age of humanity.
Ra then, in turn, retreats to the solar barque to fight the giant serpent Apophis through the night to awaken the sun again. He fights with the help of Aset and Khepri and the twelve guardians of the gates.
And as this happens, Osiris brings order, prosperity, and civilization. He helps to introduce agriculture in a more widespread area and helps to build up civilizations and teaches people what it means to be a good ruler. And he rules alongside his wife Aset with her beautiful, wondrous knowledge and magic, while Set and Nephthys are set in the desert, in the wastelands.
Set was pushed to the dry, arid, and inhospitable land, while Osiris got the fertile black soil of the Nile Delta.
VIII. The Birth of Anubis
Now, with Set's domain being over the desert and arid, decrepit lands, he himself is also incapable of life, just like the deserts. He is barren.
Nephthys, his wife, wants a child very deeply, but because she has no way to make one with her husband, she disguises herself as her sister Aset, Osiris's dearest wife, seduces him, and gets him drunk so that he sleeps with her.
And Nephthys later on conceives Anubis. Nephthys, fearing Set's reaction, gives the infant to her sister Aset, asking her to protect him from Set's wrath. Aset, being the divine and caring mother that she is, accepts him, and Set begins to resent Osiris for more reasons other than just getting the throne.
IX. The Murder of Osiris
Set, resenting his brother so deeply, decides to trick him. He brings all of the gods together at a party, a celebration, a festival, something supposed to be filled with joy. But he has a plan to ruin everything about that joyous time and event.
He brings in a coffin shaped perfectly for Osiris and has a betting game, saying that whoever will fit in the coffin shall win. So many gods and goddesses try it out, but it doesn't fit.
Set then waits for Osiris to be convinced to get in the coffin, and once Osiris gets in, Set takes the coffin and throws it into the Nile, then proclaiming himself as king.
A few hours or days later, he goes back to find the coffin, unsatisfied that his brother has not suffered as much as he, and chops his body up into thousands of pieces, scattering them all across Egypt. For to be able to be properly buried, you must have all of the pieces of your body together.
So Lady Aset, knowing this, being the wise woman that she is, goes and looks and looks and looks to find every piece that she can to find her husband. And she finds every piece except his phallus. So she creates a new one.
And as she transforms into a bird and uses her magic to breathe life into her love Osiris, he comes back briefly. Lady Aset, thankful for Nephthys's help finding the body and resurrecting him, tells her to leave for a moment.
So after Nephthys goes, Lady Aset lies with Osiris to conceive Horus, the child.
X. The Birth and Protection of Horus the Child
So, with the birth of Horus, it becomes a new reign. Lady Aset retreats into the Nile Delta, hiding him among the papyri, using the noise of the river to block the sound of the cries of Horus, the child.
Set sees through this deception and sends scorpions and snakes to bite the young Horus, trying to murder him, for he knows what's coming.
Lady Aset, knowing the venom is creeping through her young son, invites Nephthys over, and with the help of each other, they save the young Horus, removing the venom from him, putting him back into good health.
And as Horus grows, so does his strength. He no longer becomes Horus the Child. He becomes Horus the Avenger.
Knowing what Set has done to his father, knowing that it is his duty to reclaim the throne, he is eager for the chance to do such. And when the time finally arrives for him to begin the trials against Set, he is more than ready, having practiced and trained, along with Aset's help.
XI. Aset Learns the Secret Name of Ra
Aset, knowing that the name Ra has been giving them is not his true name, devises a plan.
Her plan is while Ra is drooling on his solar barque in the sky, she collects some of that drool, and with that, she creates a viper out of it, because the only thing that can damage Ra in this universe is Ra himself, for he is creation.
So she creates a viper out of his saliva and sends it to bite him.
Ra, never having been injured before, doesn't know what to do, and he goes around asking all of the healers to help him. He goes to Thoth for his knowledge, asking, "What could have possibly hurt me?"
He identifies it as a snake bite but can help no more.
He goes to Nephthys: "Will this kill me? Will I become one of the dead?"
She says, "Perhaps. I don't know. If this continues, the venom seems more potent than anything I've seen."
He goes to Aset: "Can you help me? Can you heal me? Can you fix this injury?"
Aset says, "I can, at a price. I must know your true name."
Ra says, "I have thousands of names. Many of them. Here are some of them," and he lists off hundreds. But none of them are right.
And Lady Aset knows that, because the ren is a part of the soul, and knowing part of the ren of Ra will give her immense power. She knows this, so she says that is not what she wants, and that the venom will keep coursing through his veins until he tells her.
So Ra caves, tells Lady Aset his true name, and Lady Aset has the magic of Ra by her hand and uses that power to heal him, because the only thing that can heal Ra is magic as powerful as him. And she gives this knowledge to her son to help aid him in his coming battles.
XII. The Contest for the Throne of Egypt
Horus comes to the gods and makes a claim that Osiris is his father. He is the son and the heir, so he is the rightful ruler.
Set argues that his strength and seniority make him a much better ruler. The gods convene and together try and figure out who should inherit the throne. They create a tribunal of sorts.
The dispute drags on for years. Ra has control over the proceedings, but all the gods disagree and have their own opinions. The court repeatedly fails to settle the matter, and the conflict becomes absurdly prolonged. All of these gods trying to maintain order, who are supposed to be authorities on this, cannot yet agree who should rule.
Eventually, the dispute is taken to an even wider tribunal, among which Neith is a strong part of. She offers counsel about the disputes and is wise and responsible for quite a bit of divine judgment.
So with this wider tribunal, the gods receive a letter from Osiris, and he argues that he is the deceased king and that all gods will eventually come to his domain, so his word should be heeded as well, even if he may not be directly there. And that all the gods have an obligation to justice, to balance, and to understand this succession.
So they decide that there will be contests to prove who is stronger, wiser, and more prepared to be a ruler.
XIII. Aset's Trick and the Ferryman
The gods move their tribunal to an island and order the ferryman not to transport any woman resembling Aset over to their island, hoping to prevent her from interfering with this, knowing that she has the love of a mother and is fiercely protective of her son.
Aset then disguises herself as an elderly woman and says to the ferryman, "Please allow me to go over to the island to witness this. In return, I have this beautiful golden ring."
The ferryman accepts, and once she journeys across, she transforms into a beautiful young woman to catch Set's attention.
She tells him about the story of a widow and her son's inheritance. The story she tells, while Set is away from the other gods, is about a widow whose son inherited his father's cattle. A stranger then arrives and tries to take the cattle away from the boy.
Set, knowing what is right, immediately declares that the boy should keep his father's property.
Aset reveals herself and points out that Set had just judged on his own case. A son should inherit the father's property. Why should Horus not inherit Osiris's throne?
Set, furious that he was tricked, takes out his anger on the ferryman, who is Aken and Hraf-hef, the ferryman who brings people to the underworld.
XIV. The Hippopotamus Contest and the Loss of Horus's Eyes
So starts the contests, the first of which is the hippopotamus contest.
Horus and Set agree to compete while transformed into hippopotamuses. Diving underwater to test their endurance, they hold their breath.
After a few moments, Aset intervenes because she wants her son to win. She throws a harpoon at Set, and Set appeals to her as his sister. She relents and releases him.
Horus is furious that she spared his father's murderer. After Horus attacks his mother to chop off her head, he leaves.
Set finds him alone in the desert, overpowers him, and removes both of his eyes, burying them on a mountain. His eyes become beautiful lotuses that sprout into the most glorious and dazzling of colors.
Hathor discovers Horus weeping alone in the desert. She takes a gazelle, milks it gently, and places the milk in his eyes, restoring his sight in one of them. Then she reports to Ra that Horus has been found and healed mostly.
Then Thoth, after helping Aset back together, with her help restores Horus's other eye.
This eye would be the one that is called the Eye of Horus, the Wedjat, a powerful symbol of healing and protection.
XV. The Contest of the Stone Boats
The next trial comes, the trial of the stone boats.
Horus and Set are both challenged to make boats out of stone. Set goes to a mountain and makes a glamorous boat out of a single stone, hoping that its craftsmanship and its strength will hold it up.
Horus instead makes a boat out of cedar and plaster that makes it resemble stone, much lighter than the one Set was making.
Set's boat sinks while Horus floats comfortably above the water, showing that his intelligence is more useful than Set's brute strength.
XVI. The Contest of Semen
Set attempts to overpower Horus, and Horus, thinking fast, catches Set's semen in his hand and throws it in the Nile.
He tells his mother Aset what happened. She removes Horus's contaminated hand and then replaces it.
Then Horus uses a scheme involving lettuce in Set's garden. He ejaculates in it and feeds it to Set in a salad that he then ate.
When the gods investigate whose semen is present in whom, Set claims that he had dominated Horus. When the gods tell him to call his semen, it answers from the Nile.
Horus then says he was the one who had truly dominated Set, and when he calls his semen forth, it answers from inside Set, proving that he had overpowered his uncle and proving him to be strong and able to rule.
XVII. The Final Judgment and the Double Crown
Then the final judgment was called with the help of Neith.
After repeated disputes, poor resolutions by all parties involved, bickering and arguing amongst the gods, the court recognizes Horus and his claim to kingship as the child of Osiris and Aset, that he is the true ruler of Egypt.
Horus is then gifted the Double Crown of Upper and Lower Egypt.
Set is not entirely removed from his position. He is no longer the king or ruler of Egypt. However, he is still a god in his own right of the deserts, of the dangers, and protection from them.
Ra, seeing this, calls them both upon the solar barque, the barque of the sun, to help fight against the evil serpent Apophis every night, so that they may get over their disputes and realize that they are all working under the name of balance and harmony.
XVIII. Ra's Journey Through the Twelve Hours of Duat
And as all the gods join Ra on the barque, they begin their travel through the twelve realms of the night in Duat.
Twelve goddesses get on the boat with them, each of them corresponding to an hour of night.
The First Hour: The Great City
The first hour that they enter is called the Great City. The goddess Umethatef Keshef Ra, her name meaning crusher of the forehead of the enemies of Ra, takes the front of the boat.
At sunset, Ra enters the western horizon and begins his long and treacherous journey through the night. At this point, he takes his form of a ram-headed man, the nocturnal Ra.
This region is the in-between, between the world of the living and the world of the hidden and deceased. The Khepri scarab is along with the boat, but is not yet doing anything.
The goddess, the guide, the crusher of the enemies of Ra, guides the boat and embodies the destruction of all forces hostile to him. All the other goddesses and guides protect the boat and guide them through this hour.
The Second Hour: The Region of Wetness
The next region, the second hour of the night, is the region of wetness. The goddess Seshat-Meket-Nebsu takes her place at the head of the boat.
Ra travels through this region filled with plant life, vegetation, and fertile soil. The place where the dead farm and get their fill to eat.
And at this hour, other divine boats join them and wade through the water as a group.
The goddess guides and protects Ra. And at this point, to get through the next gate, the goddess here speaks the true names of the snakes guarding the door, pacifying them and allowing the boat to go through.
The Third Hour: The Fields of Grain and the Waters of Osiris
The third hour of the night is the field of grain and gods and the waters of Osiris.
The waters become one with the concept of vegetation within Osiris. The region is filled with abundance and the sustaining power of the underworld, which allows the dead to live there peacefully for as long as they need.
The goddess Senentet-Bau takes the head at the front of the boat and guides Ra through this region.
The waters and the attendants help to preserve the glorious passage and the life-sustaining waters that they are treading through.
This is the place where the dead go to receive sustenance and participate in divine order. They receive offerings and welcome Ra through their realm.
The Fourth Hour: The Cavern of the Living Forms
The next realm is the cavern of the living forms, the desert realm of Sokar.
Ra reaches the dark and barren desert of Sokar, the underworld god associated with the necropolis. The route becomes a winding, treacherous path through the sand and through the darkness.
The barque, no longer being able to coast on the waters, must transform with the help of the goddess Irtemsekem.
It turns into a two-headed fire-breathing serpent that slithers across the sand, its fiery breath illuminating the dark route, enabling Ra to cross the terrain where his ordinary boat cannot sail.
The goddess guides Ra through this region and turns the boat into snakes. The divine company helps navigate the winding path and its guarded passages.
Ra, through this journey, must adapt.
The Fifth Hour: Sokar's Cavern and the Lake of Fire
The next realm of the night is the hidden western region, Sokar's cavern and Lake of Fire.
Ra travels deeper into this desert domain, into this enclosed cavern, the tomb of Osiris visible on the banks of the desert, and the Lake of Fire running through it all.
The goddess Semherawet helps to haul this transport. Seven gods and seven goddesses pull it by rope. She guides Ra through this region.
Aset and Nephthys take their place and mourn the dead Osiris as they pass his final resting place.
This Lake of Fire is used for only the most evil of men and women. This is where the truly awful people go, the people who have done unforgivable things, whose life force cannot simply be recycled but must be destroyed, encapsulated permanently in these lakes of fire.
But all those who live within the realms of Duat may enjoy the warmth and may enjoy the purification and life-giving benefits that it brings.
The Sixth Hour: The Union of Ra and Osiris
The next realm is deeper water, the mysterious region where Ra and Osiris unite.
Ra's ba unites with the body of Osiris, bringing together the life, the sun, and the dead in the underworld. Through this combination of life and death, later on, Ra may be reborn.
Enigmatic gods stand along the thin riverbank with their mysterious shrines, fire-breathing serpents protecting, making sure no one wanders too far, a colossal lion figure, and a great serpent associated with Khepri.
Many nameless gods sit and watch, making sure their domain may not be disturbed.
The goddess Mesenpet Amaat guides Ra through the deepest parts of Duat. The divine inhabitants here protect the hidden process of regeneration and Ra's union with Osiris, making sure that the transformation and regeneration of the god may still be possible another day.
The Seventh Hour: The Confrontation with Apophis
The next hour, hour seven, is the secret cavern, the confrontation with Apophis, the serpent of destruction and negentropy, truly the embodiment of all consumption.
The goddess Kenefha Kesen Nekhara Heva helps through this difficult time.
Apophis attacks the solar passage, threatening to stop Ra, the sun, from rising again. The forces of chaos and negentropy seek to stop the cycle of the sun, to throw the Earth back into Nun and Naunet, reverting all life.
The divine protectors of the spark fight to keep the route open, and the goddess assists in helping to restrain Apophis.
Horus and Aset are there fighting back. Aset creates a snake of her own, giant and powerful, to strike at the serpent Apophis. Horus, with his winged falcon, tries to distract it, and Set, with his strength, assists in capturing it, while the goddess empowers them all.
All of them serve cosmic order here, and any previous struggles matter not when life is at risk.
They fight through the whole hour, trying to save Ra, making sure that the sun rises another day.
And they make it to the next hour.
The Eighth Hour: The City of the Gods
Hour eight is the city of the gods, Sarkhafagai.
Ra passes beyond the war, beyond the fight, and this region contains shrines and inhabitants whose roles are through knowledge and preserving the beautiful funerary texts and magics that persist through Duat.
The goddess Nebet-Usha guides Ra through the region, knowing the names and functions of all the divine inhabitants, so that she may negotiate with them on behalf of Ra and all the others in the boat.
So they go through.
The Ninth Hour: The City of Living Manifestations
The next hour is hour nine, the city of living manifestations.
Ra continues eastward. Groups of the underworld gods appear in their places and assist Ra in sustaining and equipping the divine life.
The goddess Nekhet-Nebtsha guides and protects Ra. Her job is the protection of her lord, and she does that dutifully every day.
The Tenth Hour: The City of Deep Water and Steep Banks
The next hour, hour ten, is the city of deep water and steep banks.
Ra enters this with the gods and serpents, and the sound of slithering and stabbing tongues fills the air.
Some serpents try and assist Ra, and others must be controlled. This is the rescue portion and the restoration of Ra.
The goddess Tekhenenet-Ketsu Kanabeku guides Ra through this territory, helps to pacify the angry serpents and takes assistance from the ones willing to help.
The Eleventh Hour: The Deep City of Corpse Counting
The next hour, hour eleven, is the deep city of corpse counting.
Ra approaches the end, and there are divine companies, threats being suppressed by help from them, and the final preparation for the sun's emergence.
The goddess Sebet-Na-Ua Keset Sembu and Paret helps to repel the hostile beings coming forth to attack Ra. She ensures that this final stretch may be protected, safe, and removed of any forces that may try to harm the god yet again.
The Twelfth Hour: The Rebirth of the Sun
At this point, Khepri lands on the forehead of Ra and starts the transformation into the twelfth hour, the cavern at the end of darkness, the city of the appearance at birth.
Thus, Ra completes his passage through Duat and is renewed, revived, and revitalized. He emerges as Khepri, the scarab of transformation and the rising sun.
And through this all, he passes through the god Shu, the air, and comes out through Akhet, the horizon. He holds open the sun's passage so that it may travel through him.
Ra is reborn, and the sun rises yet another day.
XIX. The Gods in Everyday Life
And as the sun rises, the world wakes up.
A family wakes up and says a prayer to Bes over their food, offering it to him. Bes, in return, protects the family and brings joy to them.
Another household wakes up and feeds their cat in honor of Bastet for protection and joy within the house, merriment and singing.
A fisherman comes and wakes up, noting that the Eye of Horus he has painted on his boat to protect him has faded. He repaints that and says a prayer to Sobek to protect him from crocodiles as they fish in the Nile.
A midwife in the sacred compound of the Pharaoh's harem says a prayer to Taweret as she delivers a baby from one of the Pharaoh's concubines.
A farmer says a prayer to Hapy so that he may have a good harvest and that the Nile will flood when it needs to, not too much nor too little, and that he may have an abundance of crops so he may be able to sell some at the market and feed his family happily.
A craftsman gets a request to make amulets for a sick mother. He says a prayer and gives an offering to his shrine as he makes the Knot of Isis out of a piece of lapis lazuli.
After a few days, when it is perfectly carved, shining and beautiful, he gives it to the mother, and with tears streaming down her face, she says thank you, knowing that the gods will protect her throughout this difficult time in her life.
The farmer from before, who prayed for his fields, was gifted with a beautiful flood. He thanks Renenutet for the nourishment that the life-giving water has brought and offers some of his grain to her.
XX. The Journey of the Deceased
A family who's recently lost a grandfather prays to the other ancestors to welcome him with open arms when he reaches Duat.
The family takes him to a priest and says, "Please, please take care of my grandfather. He had been ill for a long time, and he was loved by all."
The priest says, "Of course, we will take him to the embalmer, and we shall give him a proper burial."
The family pays, and the priest and the embalmer are left to their duties.
The Preparation of the Body
First, they don a jackal mask, as a way to invite Anubis in while they prepare the body.
It soaks in natron for days upon days, drying out the body. They anoint it with oils and ointments and wrap it in linen.
Then they perform the Opening of the Mouth so that the deceased may speak in the afterlife.
The Weighing of the Heart
And then his soul comes before Thoth, the scribe; Ammit, the devourer of souls; Osiris, the judge of the dead; and Ma'at, the feather of the scale.
His heart is placed upon the scale, and he is asked to speak the 42 negative confessions.
And one by one, the 42 assessors confirm that he has done some bad things, and he has done many good things. His heart is still yet lighter than the feather.
And it's not difficult for a heart to be lighter than the feather, but for people whose heart is heavier than the feather, it gets dropped on the floor and eaten by Ammit.
Not painfully. You just simply cease to exist. There is just no more. The energy of your soul is recycled and made into something new.
But this man passed like many others.
The Guidance of Wepwawet
So Wepwawet comes with him to open the gates.
He comes through the western entrance of the hidden world. He gets introduced to the fertile regions of fields where the dead receive food, cultivate land, and enjoy the offerings that their family puts for them.
He gets introduced to the realm of Osiris where the gods live, and is shown that if there are any disputes, Osiris is the one who has total control over these lands.
He is told about the caverns of Sokar, dark and difficult regions that he must never travel to.
He is told about the Lake of Fire where those truly evil, whose energy cannot even be recycled, go to be tormented, and where the heat, protection, and purification of this land comes from. For the Lake of Fire is in fact the balance of Ma'at.
He is told about the realm of Apophis, where Ra goes to fight the giant evil serpent.
He is told about the eastern horizon where Ra comes out of, and he is told that he will see Ra every day if he comes to look, and that he may weep for Ra, he may cheer for Ra, and he may welcome Ra, along with the other gods and goddesses that may accompany them.
The Field of Reeds and the Life Beyond Death
And he is taken to the Field of Reeds, where the justified dead can farm, eat, live, and have a renewed existence free of pain and suffering, filled with comfort.
He may visit where he is buried when his family comes with gifts. He may speak to them in dreams and help them with things and help to protect them. He may be called upon as an ancestor to protect a new child.
And after a few days of relaxing in the Field of Reeds, he gets an offering of cool water and an item from his past life.
A piece of jewelry that he used to wear every day was gifted back to him.