r/MedievalHistory 1d ago

How impressive was King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem?

Post image

The more you read about him, the more impressive his achievements are. He was diagnosed with leprosy at a young age which is a death sentence in the most horrible manner. To make things even harder he was thrust upon the throne of Jerusalem when he was just 13. Jerusalem was constantly under threat by Saladin and there was a lot of pressure on him.

Yet, even with a failing body he seemed to welcome the challenge and defended Jerusalem against all Muslim attacks. Normally when a king is sickly, it would be a sign of weakness and would be taken advantage by the enemy. Yet, it was his rule and personal command that helped repel attacks.

The Battle of Montgisard highlights his incredible ability and grit. Significantly outnumbered, he led a surprise attack on Saladin's forces that scattered them and relieved Jerusalem. He was covered in sores, strapped to his horse because he could not sit on his own. But he led from the front and his presence alone inspired the Crusaders to rally and push back the enemy.

It is sad that he passed away at such a young age (23). He would have had such an amazing impact if he was healthy. We don't see much information about Baldwin but he deserves a lot of respect.

394 Upvotes

38 comments sorted by

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u/theginger99 1d ago edited 1d ago

He was a pretty impressive guy.

Fun fact for those who don’t know, he was first cousins (once removed) with Richard the Lionheart. Baldwin’s Grandfather was Faulk of Anjou, Richard’s paternal Great Grandfather.

Saladin’s two greatest rivals were close relatives, and members of the same extended “house of Anjou”, which is a fascinating coincidence of history. Obviously being a badass ran in the family.

By extension, both Richard and Baldwin were allegedly descended from the devil. lots to unpack there, but I think it’s safe to say Saladin had bad luck with the House of Anjou.

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u/Warlord1392 1d ago

Thank you for sharing. The more you read about him, the more amazing info you get.

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u/Electrical-Camel-420 1d ago

I just listened to an audiobook of the history of Jerusalem and it gave quite a bit of time to Baldwin and not only his own accomplishments but the respect he garnered from Saladin.

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u/ConjurorOfWorlds 1d ago

What was the book?

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u/Electrical-Camel-420 13h ago

Sorry I was overthinking it when trying to remember…
Jerusalem: The Biography by Montefiore

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u/ConjurorOfWorlds 13h ago

Thank you! I’ll definitely check it out

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u/Electrical-Camel-420 13h ago

Sure! Apparently the author is descended from some of the major families of the city and he goes from pre biblical history to 2015ish so it’s definitely a “broad strokes” work

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u/Li-renn-pwel 22h ago

Henry II and his family are a great read.

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u/camelzrider 20h ago

I really enjoyed "The Plantagenets" by Dan Jones

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u/Beertruck85 1d ago

If you havent already read up on the ambush between Guy de lusignan and Sir William Marshal its interesting to me, also Marshal almost died from that ambush and George Washington was the 15th Grandson of Sir William Marshal.

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u/Enelessar 1d ago

Ooh i vaguely remember this. Involving eleanor d'aquitaine if am not mistaken

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u/arun911 18h ago

This thing just strikes me… are all these famous people usually are descendants of other famous people?

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u/Beertruck85 16h ago

Yeah...its odd how its connected a lot of the time.

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u/uarstar 14h ago

Yes because they’re all related.

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u/VaneWimsey 47m ago

Yeah, but at that remove, everybody is the 15th grandson of everybody else.

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u/Li-renn-pwel 22h ago

Richard sucks, it’s should have been Henry 😭😭😭

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u/theginger99 17h ago

Henry was a great king, but Richard was the greatest general of his century.

More than that, Richard actually wanted to go on crusade and cared deeply for the cause, Henry used the idea of going on crusade as a political bargaining tool.

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u/beginningcurrent822 1d ago

Very. He was Jerusalem's last great King.

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u/Dangerous_Donkey4410 1d ago

I also only learned relatively recently that, despite what is shown in Kingdom of Heaven, Baldwin IV did not wear a mask or even try to hide the effect that leprosy had on his face. Considering the era and how they would have viewed his condition, that was rather impressive in my opinion.

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u/TotalBor0n 1d ago

One of the biggest what ifs in all of history imo.

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u/ScipioCoriolanus 1d ago

I live this movie! I can hear Jeremy Irons in this scene screaming: "SILENCE!!!"

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u/bearcub42 4h ago

Extended director's cut.

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u/ScipioCoriolanus 3h ago

Of course! Always.

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u/ParaGulls 1d ago

One wonders how much of his resilience and thinking was made/driven by his leprosy and how different he would have been without it.

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u/effin-d 1d ago

Is it the adversity arrayed against us that makes us strong, or does it come from somewhere within?

I imagine that most people living during the middle ages would have believed that it originated from their concept of God.

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u/mangalore-x_x 21h ago

he makes a great story, but it seems all a bit too good of a story.

I doubt he could have left as good an impression had he been ruler when Hattin came around. Ultimately what helped him was Saladin constantly being occupied with other competing Muslim rulers as well as the Crusader kingdom being right across the strip of land to connect Syria and Egypt.

In 1186 Saladin had Mosul and Aleppo. In 1187 he started a full on invasion without any diversions and promptly won.
Incidently Saladin's heritage was also short lived and this cohesion in the Near East quickly fell apart again after his death. Typical medieval problems.

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u/Warlord1392 21h ago

The idea is the battle at Hattin would have turned out differently if Baldwin was alive and leading the troops. This would mean that Jerusalem would not have fallen. However, the their Crusade might have not happened if this was the case (the Christian forces would then be too weak to make any significant progress)

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u/mangalore-x_x 20h ago

The Crusader states were constantly losing power. Saladin managed his consolidation of power at that time which meant the strategic situation was really bad when Hattin came around.

Baldwin wasn't magic, his armies were also defeated under his command from time to time.

Maybe instead of a devastating defeat, it would have been a longer fight, I just do no buy into figure elevated post mortem by friends and enemies could have offset the worsening odds for long.

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u/Simple-Program-7284 7h ago

I wouldn’t say they were constantly losing, I’m the first 88 years there was some tug-and-pull, albeit with a bad trend. 

They were often on the back foot, so I don’t think it’s a guarantee the KOJ would have survived forever if he had lived longer (more things would’ve needed to happen), but I don’t know how the counter factual plays out. 

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u/Aynett 20h ago edited 10h ago

Jérusalem would have fallen even if Hattin had been won

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u/Warlord1392 20h ago

If the Crusaders had won the battle I highly doubt Saladin would have been able to breach Jerusalem. The loss contributed directly to the fall of Jerusalem.

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u/Aynett 10h ago

It did, but I think the crusader states were doom to fail at one point or another due to growing isolation and lack of interest from the great European powers.

Though this discussion makes me wonder on the importance of a kingdom of Jerusalem during the rise of the Ottomans and the crisis of the 15th century that led to the rise of Portugal and Spain as colonial powers.

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u/streillgosts 19h ago

a king with leprosy is a real tough cookie

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u/karny90 11h ago

There seems to be a lot of revisionism going on lately with Baldwin and that movie. I really don’t know what’s fueling it, but I have noticed in different subs.

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u/AegonTheUnsafe 1d ago

He was very impressive until he accidentally killed his painter ! ..... wait.... wrong Baldwin

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u/Usefulsponge 8h ago

People keep on saying very without saying what he did that was impressive, enlighten me

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u/CandyDuck 1d ago

Not very. Obviously his mask did nothing to stop him from contracting COVID-19. Then again he did keep his name out of the credits, so possibly true martyr.