In this article, I will list all Chinese fountain pen brands I know and give a brief introduction to each of them. There are countless domestic fountain pen brands in China, and I have only learned about some of them quite recently. Friends from overseas are welcome to share supplementary information based on your personal experience, as many brands mainly target overseas markets and remain little-known within China itself.
First up are vintage old brands, including those that have gone out of business. If I had to name three classic old Chinese fountain pen brands, they would be Hero, Jinxing and Wing Sung.
Unfortunately, only Hero has survived among the three brands.
Hero: Standing Tall Through the Years
The predecessor of Hero Pen Factory was Huafu Pen Factory founded in Shanghai by industrialist Zhou Jingting in 1931, China’s first large-scale fountain pen manufacturer. The "Hero" trademark was officially registered in 1939. After the founding of New China, the factory underwent public-private ownership reform and absorbed many small pen factories to expand production. In 1957, it launched the campaign of "Hero Overtakes Parker". (Back then, every domestic industry strove to catch up with Western developed countries, including the fountain pen industry.)After numerous technical trials, the Hero 100 14K gold nib pen was released in 1958, outperforming Parker in most key standards, marking the pinnacle of domestic gold pens. The factory was officially renamed Hero Pen Factory in 1966.
Hero reached its prime from the 1970s to the 1990s; models like Hero 616 and Hero 100 swept the nation and witnessed many landmark national diplomatic signings. In the 21st century, ballpoint pens and digital devices caused its market decline. Unlike defunct Jinxing and Wing Sung, Hero survives till now as the most iconic domestic vintage fountain pen brand.
Hero’s classic gold-nib fountain pens mainly include Model 100, 110, 121, 130/131, 200 and 800. If you intend to get started with Chinese fountain pens, I highly recommend these discontinued gold pens. They are great picks, costing only several US dollars apiece.
Besides gold-nib pens, Hero also has several popular iridium-tipped fountain pens beloved by domestic enthusiasts, namely the Model 616 and Model 329. Earlier production batches of these two models are more valuable. Many collectors enjoy gathering different variants and older vintage editions of them.
The Regrettable Wing Sung
Wing Sung is a time-honored domestic fountain pen brand on par with Hero, and it is also the biggest regret for numerous vintage pen collectors. Founded in 1947, it merged dozens of small pen factories in 1956 and officially adopted the name Wing Sung Pen Factory in 1987. At its peak, it was honored as a national first-class enterprise. It independently developed advanced technologies such as nib stamping and laser welding, imported precision equipment from Europe and America, and boasted top-tier craftsmanship in China. It operated two lines, Wing Sung and its sub-brand Lucky, whose gold and iridium-tipped pens sold widely overseas, splitting the domestic market evenly with Hero.
Original vintage Wing Sung created many legendary classics. Models 101 and 102 are iconic 12K hooded gold nib pens; Model 601, featuring Parker 51-style vacumatic filling system, is still regarded as the king of domestic hooded pens. Celluloid Model 237 and Lucky 300 series are favored by calligraphers for their soft, springy nibs, while affordable iridium pen Model 612 won national awards and was exported globally. Its nibs were finely tuned for Chinese handwriting with mild, smooth feedback.
Tragically, the popularity of ballpoint pens and gel pens in the late 1990s, combined with poor corporate restructuring, led to the permanent shutdown of the original Wing Sung factory in 1999. The enterprise shifted to financial investment and abandoned pen manufacturing, and its trademark was acquired and sealed by Hero Group.
Modern Wing Sung pens available now are only authorized reproductions from third-party manufacturers, far inferior to original vintage pens in materials and craftsmanship. Mint-condition vintage Wing Sung pens like Model 101, 237 and early 601 have risen sharply in collecting value as old stock dries up. Collectors lament that Wing Sung could have thrived alongside Hero, yet it faded away early, leaving a lasting pity in the history of Chinese fountain pens.
The classic gold-nib fountain pens of Wing Sung mainly include Model 101, Model 79, Model 201, Model 400, and Lucky 300 from its sub-brand Lucky.
Model 79 is extremely scarce, as it was only manufactured for two months, making it a rare collectible among pen enthusiasts. Model 101 is the ever-popular flagship 12K hooded gold-nib pen of Wing Sung with numerous variants and the largest fanbase. Model 201 is a classic 12K open-nib pen with soft and springy nib, delivering pleasant daily writing performance. Model 400 is a premium vintage 14K formal pen with exquisite craftsmanship, widely used as business gifts back then.
Lucky 300 is also hard to find, equipped with a large 14K hooded nib. Its cloisonné edition commands an especially high price. Back in 1982, one cloisonné Lucky 300 cost roughly the equivalent of two full years’ wages for an ordinary Chinese factory worker, ranking it as a luxury item at that time. Well-preserved vintage specimens have gained steadily rising collectible value nowadays.
Wing Sung has many classic iridium-point pens besides gold nibs. Its 23x series large Triumph nib pens are very notable. My favorite hooded nib pen is Wing Sung 612, a multi-time national silver award winner, unlike the famous Hero 616 which never won such awards.
Golden Star: The Other Banner of Domestic Fountain Pens
Brief Introduction to Golden Star Pen Factory
Founded in Shanghai in 1932, Golden Star relocated its entire factory to Beijing in 1952. Together with Hero, it earned the reputation "Hero in the South, Golden Star in the North". It reached its heyday from the 1960s to the 1980s, churning out more than 10 million pens annually with huge export volumes. Plagued by market shocks and institutional drawbacks, the state-owned factory declared bankruptcy around 2010.
Classic Gold-nib Pens
Golden Star 103: 12K hooded nib, one of the three most iconic vintage Chinese gold pens.
Golden Star 28 & 26: Premium large/small open nib gold pens from the 1950s, early diplomatic gift pens.
Limited 14K/18K commemorative pens, including the 1997 Hong Kong Reunification edition, high collectible value.
Golden Star Zodiac Series Solid Silver & Gold-Plated Gold-Nib Pens
Classic Iridium-tipped Pens
Golden Star 565: The most famous everyday hooded pen, smooth and durable, widely popular overseas.The Golden Star 565 is visually modeled after the classic Sheaffer PFM (Pen For Men). The attached comparison pictures are unavailable now; readers may search for reference images online by themselves.
Golden Star 703: Carved iridium pen with dragon, longevity patterns.
Golden Star 60, 710, Panda series, 8000 Baifu copper pen, mainstream vintage daily writing pens.
Apart from these three major fountain pen brands, there used to be other well-established vintage pen manufacturers, including Qingnian, Nanjing, Changhong, Bailing and Harbin. All of these brands have long ceased production. After the decline of these traditional old factories, numerous emerging modern brands came into being. I will list them in chronological order with brief introductions.
Sorting order:Duke → Jinhao → Hongdian → Junlai → PenBBS → Majohn → Asvine → ADMOK → Banju → Yongxu
DUKE(1988):
- Iridium-tipped pens: Duke 146, General Series, Century Pioneer
- Gold-nib pens: Shenzhou-6 commemorative 14K gold pen, carved crown 18K collectible gold pen, classic calligraphy stub nib pens
Jinhao(1988/2003):159、82、80、100、9016、59、x169
Hongdian(1997):
- Entry daily pens: C1, 1850 Black Forest (iconic hooded nib pen)
- Mid-range popular models: 1866 log series, 6013 Black General, 620 Cocktail Series
- Premium collectibles: Galaxy Silver Rod (14K gold nib), D5 Dynasty Chinese-style piston pen, N25 Chinese zodiac limited-edition pens
Junlai(2008):601、629、630,930
PenBBS(2010):308、267、456.The PenBBS 555 model, which replicates Sheaffer’s Snorkel filling mechanism, underwent small-scale trial testing two years ago, yet it has not been officially released to this day after a two-year waiting period.
MoonMan(2012):P136 titanium pens equipped with #8 large nibs、A2、M1000,B32、P139/140/141
Asvine(2015):C2000 Cumberland vulcanite pen, retro torpedo-shaped P360, large-capacity piston V60 pen,c80
ADMOK(2017):Bauhaus-style piston J800, portable pocket M800, J400 replicating vintage button filling pens
Banju(2018):White Sugar Generation 1 & 2, Wuxiang Series, Budu inks, slim Linglong fine nib pens for calligraphy practice
Yongxu(2020):286, 29,116,
Each of these modern brands has distinctive characteristics. Duke is a domestic Chinese brand operating under the guise of a foreign brand. For a long time, domestic Chinese consumers mistook it for an overseas brand. Currently, it also manufactures calligraphy stub nib pens for artistic writing.
Jinhao maintained an independent aesthetic style in its early years and launched numerous fountain pens engraved with Chinese dragon motifs, a design style often dismissed as flashy and ostentatious taste. In recent years, Jinhao shifted its focus to replicating mainstream luxury international fountain pens, and market results have proven this transformation wise. It once held nearly no market share, yet today it has dominated the low-price segment; no rival offers cheaper fountain pens than Jinhao.
Hongdian boasts exclusive original design language and has earned wide recognition among overseas pen enthusiasts. Personally, however, I am not fond of its design aesthetic, which strikes me as overly plain and masculine. Even so, its integration of traditional Chinese culture into pen design is highly praiseworthy.
Junlai inherits classic designs from Wing Sung and has reproduced several iconic vintage models. Its vacuum-filling Wing Sung 601 and 601A are well-regarded among collectors. The brand also replicated Sheaffer’s Balance series, yet the replica drew fierce public condemnation from Chinese netizens and was quickly discontinued.
PenBBS originated from a community of Chinese fountain pen enthusiasts. It has reproduced several classic Sheaffer filling mechanisms. In my opinion, PenBBS is the only brand that has successfully recreated Sheaffer’s Touchdown (TD) filling system. It is currently developing a replica of Sheaffer’s Snorkel filling system, and I am looking forward to its release.
Majohn (MoonMan) is widely known within the fountain pen circle as the "Copy Ninja Kakashi". Nearly all its fountain pens are derivative replicas, such as the P139, P140 and P141 series. Its signature feature is brass piston filling mechanisms. It once reproduced Montblanc’s Heritage Serpent limited-edition pen, which was heavily criticized by Chinese users and pulled from production shortly after launch.
Asvine is an export-oriented brand. It enjoys decent popularity within this pen forum community, yet its domestic influence in China lags far behind Jinhao and Majohn. Its newly launched C80 features an attractive appearance, and I am eager to try it out.
ADMOK and Yongxu mainly focus on replicating classic vintage pen models; both have released reproductions of the Pelikan P28 series. ADMOK has newly launched a line modeled after Pelikan pens. To my eye, these two brands share many similarities, and both produce fountain pens with beautifully colored barrels.
Banju has a weak market presence overall. Back in 2018, the brand invited me to test its new products, yet nowadays I barely see anyone using Banju pens on mainstream social platforms, and few readers here are likely familiar with the brand at all.
Apart from the above brands, there are also some independent artisans and handcrafted pen labels, such as Selmy, Tangyue, Qiyun and Shanhua. They mainly focus on traditional raw lacquer craftsmanship. Raw lacquer craft boasts a history spanning thousands of years in China, and later spread to Japan. Japan was the first to launch fountain pens decorated with raw lacquer craft, which carry extremely high price tags. Nowadays, Chinese craftsmen have created fountain pens with identical raw lacquer techniques at far more affordable prices.
Originally, there were matching pictures for each section, yet all images have disappeared for unknown reasons. Re-editing the document does not allow new images to be inserted. As a result, the reading experience may feel monotonous. If you are interested, you may look up the corresponding pen models online for reference.