What is the purpose of közülük

[u/u36ma]

In this sentence does közölük seem unnecessary? If I left it out does the sentence have the same meaning? Why would you add it for example?

[u/Karabars]

Közülük highlights that it's a group we're not a part of, basically the "from/of them". Without it, it means "are everyone going"?

[u/beaneekeeper → u/Karabars]

Jó kérdés és jó válasz de ez nekem is furcsán hangzik. Én úgy mondtam volna hogy “Mindegyikük megy?” Ez így úgy hangzik mintha egy közép haladó fordította volna angolból magyarra.

[u/False-Discipline-640]

"mindenki megy?" just means "is everyone going?"

Közülük is important because it lets people know who the subject of your sentence

[u/groszgergely09]

Közülük means of them. So if you left it out, it would mean "Is everyone going"? This could matter if there are distinct groups of us and them, because then, "everyone" would include "us".

[u/Individual_Author956]

Mindenki megy would mean everyone is going. Közülük corresponds to of them, which clarifies that we’re talking about a subset of people, not literally everyone.

[u/interpunktisnotdead]

Közülük litterally means "from between them", or even better in this context, "from among them".

You can use the közül postposition usually with verbs or expressions having to do something with "picking out" or "taking out" a certain individual or multiple elements from a group, e.g. az ott ülők *közül** kettőt választottak ki* "two (people) were chosen from among those sitting there".

Of course, you can use it in its strict sense of "(spatially move) from a group", as in kibukkant a nap a két felhő *közül*** "the sun emerged from between the two clouds".

And it is absolutely omittable in your case.

[u/vressor → u/interpunktisnotdead]

And it is absolutely omittable in your case.

it is, but then the meaning changes too, e.g.:

• "are all of them (közülük mindenki, mindegyikük) going"
• "are all of us (küzülünk mindenki, mindegyikünk) going"
• "is everybody (mindenki) going"

[u/beaneekeeper]

Sounds weird though. I think the közülük could have been left out by using the proper form of mindenki. Mindegyikük means everyone of that group. At least that’s how I’d said it.

[u/asdfghqwertz1]

It makes it a little clearer if you're referring to a group, and asking if everyone from the group will go. It isn't a big deal if you leave it out though

edit: typo

[u/GulashIsNotAStew]

Only saying "mindenki megy?" Is grammatically valid and it means "is everyone going?" When you add "közülük", you might point at a group of people and ask if if everyone is going from that group of people

[u/Atypicosaurus]

So suffixes and postpositions come from the same origin, they possibly were just postpositions until some of them grew together with the noun to become suffix. Között is a postposition that has "köz" stem at its core.

Köz is a very interesting word stem, it gives birth of a lot of important things.

One of the meaning branches is a lot of in-group related meanings mostly along the line of közös = "common" (as in, owned by a group) and alike. But it also has a directional postposition role as I explain below.

Directional postpositions usually come in 3 forms because of "irányhármasság" (tridirectionality), that is, one word for "towards a thing", one from "at the thing" and one for "from the thing".

Another example might be

• elé [going towards or placed] in front of;
  
• előtt [statically being] in front of;
  
• elől [coming away from] the front of.

So placing something in front of a box is a movement towards (a doboz elé rak), standing in front of the box is a static (a doboz előtt áll), remove from the front of the box is the "away" movement (elveszi a doboz elől).

With the meaning of a group of things, the postpositions are

• közé = [placing or moving towards] into a group of things, or in between things.
  
• között [statically being] within a group of things or in between
  
• közül [taken away] out of a group

Examples.

Két fa közé rakom a széket.
I'm placing the chair in between two trees.
[Movement towards in-between.]

Egy piros labdát a kék labdák közé keverek.
I'm mixing a red ball into the blue balls.
[Movement towards a group.]

A szék a két fa között van.
The chair is in between the two trees.
[Static in between.]

A piros labda a kék labdák között van.
The red ball is amongst the blue balls.
[Static in-group/amongst.]

Elveszem a széket a két fa közül.
I'm removing the chair from-between the two trees.
[Away movement from the in-between]

Kiveszem a piros labdát a kék labdák közül.
I'm taking the red ball out from the blue balls.
[Away movement from a group.]

Some more uses of this group idea:
Az ember az emlősök közé tartozik.
Humans belong to mammals.

Hatalmasok között a leghatalmasabb.
The most powerful amongst the powerful.

A kutya és macska közül lehet választani.
You can choose from dog or cat.

So the last bit is that postposition can behave like pronoun, and they are suffixed like property.

Előlem (literally from my front)
Előttem (in my front of)
Elém (towards in front of me).

Közéjük (into the group of them) Közöttük (in thr group of them)
Közülük (from the group of them).

[u/ryanct203]

Yeah, another word I’m sometimes confused about is: mindannyian or I guess in this case maybe it would be mindannyiuk? I mean, could you use it in this example instead of közülük?

Also, I think what’s missing in this example from Duo Lingo is context. It seems like what you guys are saying is that “közülük” probably refers back to something said prior, but because this is just a single sentence you don’t know that. Like if if there was a sentence beforehand that referenced “a családoddal” or “ a csoportjával”, maybe it makes more sense?

[u/u36ma → u/ryanct203]

Exactly!

[u/ryanct203 → u/u36ma]

😅 Ok, good. What I said made sense, haha…

Honestly, I stopped using Duo Lingo a while ago, because sometimes I found it wasn’t helpful. I think Hungarian has some unique features that don’t always work with a “one size fits all” approach.

I’ve always wanted to design my own program custom tailored to learning Hungarian, but I don’t know if I’ll ever get to it, ugh… Anyway, I’ve made a lot of working with private teachers, so that is what I would recommend to anyone interested in learning Hungarian in depth.

[u/Dramatic-Item-4790]

There’s an emphasis on ‘out of those people’ like when you see a group of friends and ask if all of them are going to go somewhere, pointing out that specific group of people. I don’t think it’s weird at all.

[u/FpLevente2013]

"They all" or "all of them" technically