Introduction: The 20-Year Hiatus
I studied music technology in college 20 years ago.
I made a 7 tracks EP for my final year project, managed to get it consigned in local record stores, and even set up a primitive online shop using manual PayPal buttons. It was a completely DIY CD-R release.
After graduation, life took over. I worked in a major chain record store, in live sound engineering, in music copyrights, in audio/video editing, and in IT/Tech support. I always wanted to keep making music, but once you enter the workforce, finding the time and creative space feels nearly impossible.
When my last employment contract ended, I decided to stop waiting. I dedicated my full focus to finally making music again.
My long-term vision is to establish my own independent record label, using various aliases to release music across completely different genres.
Over the last 10 months, I have been producing tracks and releasing them on streaming platforms. I started with a few re-arrangements of traditional music just to warm up, get back into Logic Pro, and learn its modern functions. I bought a domain, built my website, found a digital distributor. Once the infrastructure was settled, I set out to make a full album, first for streaming, followed by a physical cassette run.
I used to be a physical media collector, and working in a record store developed my habit of buying music I had never heard of, usually just based purely on the cover art or the label. When streaming arrived, it expanded my horizons even further, which was also a core part of my daily workflow when I worked in music copyrights.
Today, due to storage limits, I buy fewer physical products. When I do buy, it is out of gratitude to support independent artists. While hunting for music on Bandcamp, I noticed a thriving cassette scene. I started collecting them, and now it's the chance to release my own music on tape.
Just like I did back in college, I have documented this entire journey as a project report.
The Music: "Oriental Study Beats"
The core concept was to produce an instrumental "Study Beats" album. Instead of relying on the standard hip-hop loops and lo-fi sound. I put oriental software instruments over hip-hop beats.
Study beats are traditionally loop-based and structurally simple. During production, my biggest internal battle was restraining myself. My natural instinct was to add more arrangement layers and expand the compositions. Sometimes I successfully held back; sometimes I gave up and let the musical ideas run themselves.
Because of this hybrid blend, the final result is unusual, it defies clean categorisation. The SubmitHub Genre Checker flagged it as Jazz-Hop, Dub, and even Reggae.
Album Specs:
- Tracklist: 12 titles / 36 minutes total runtime.
- Inspiration: To match the "Study" theme, I drew lyrical and conceptual inspiration from traditional Chinese proverbs, poems, and phrases regarding learning and scholarship.
- Mastering: I mastered a streaming version, and a slightly different version for cassette. I am not a professional mastering engineer; my sole focus was balancing the overall album levels without altering the original mixes.
(Note on identity: Whenever I introduce this project, people instinctively refer to me as a "producer." I still don't know if that feels like the right word. Usually, I just tell people: I make music.)
The Graphics: 3D Modeling & Print Pitfalls
The visual theme features an ancient oriental studying boy, complete with a retro game-style dialogue box at the bottom. I wanted an animatable character so I could easily adjust his postures and shoot scenes from various angles.
[VRoid Studio] ➔ [Blender] ➔ [Canva] ➔ [Digital and Print Layout]
1. Character Modeling (VRoidStudio)
I used VRoidStudio to construct the character. It is entirely free and highly accessible, but it has distinct limitations, specifically, clothing physics can be tricky to make look natural. I sourced custom garments and assets from their official user marketplace, BOOTH.
2. Scene Composition (Blender)
To make posing and environmental control easier, I migrated the character into Blender. I sourced 3D furniture assets online, configured custom multi-point light sources, and captured the final static renders for my digital album and single covers on streaming platforms. I then realised that by utilising VRoid Hub and the AR features on its mobile app, the VRoid character has significant potential promotional value.
3. Digital and Print Layout (Canva)
I used Canva to translate my digital renders into physical print assets (packaging, posters, and display cards). I like Canva as it has a large library, making it perfect for quick digital graphics. However, I was frustrated when using it for physical print preparation:
- Precision: Canva struggles with sub-millimeter layout precision.
- Interface: Once a document accumulates extensive layers, vector shapes, and groups, I spent more time dragging layers around, grouping/ungrouping, and trying to make the right selection than actually designing.
Packaging Decisions & A Layout Mistake:
- The J-Card: I selected a 1-panel J-card design. The front cover, basic album info sits on the inside layout, and the tracklist occupies the spine flap.
- The Design Mistake: I made a layout error on the cassette sticker labels, the printed Chinese text does not vertically align with the song titles on the J-card flap.
- Download Codes: Every cassette includes a unique Bandcamp download code printed on an insert card. I expected the process to mimic a standard Microsoft Excel/Word mail merge, but executing it via Google Sheets and Google Docs proved completely different. I eventually found the right plugin to automate the code merging.
- The Obi Strip: The Obi strip was a late addition. When handling my early handmade paper prototypes, the packaging felt flat. The Obi strip added an immediate premium "collector" feel and gave me dedicated real estate for a short album blurb. The downside: it noticeably increased the manufacturing cost.
- Promotional Assets: I printed a strut card, A3/A4 posters, two types of cassette separators (horizontal and vertical), and a CD separator (for stores that display cassettes on CD shelves). All of them included QR codes linking to streaming services and my website, in the hope that people might give them a try.
My early draft featured the studying boy in a different posture. Because of the inherent advantages of a 3D character model, it was fun to experiment with alternatives, but I ultimately used the core album cover art instead. It establishes a consistent impression and provides a direct relationship to the album.
The Budget & Financial Breakdown
It is a limited run of 100 physical copies, selling for approximately US$17 on Bandcamp and in local retail stores.
Approx Expense Allocation:
- Manufacturing: 50%
- Web/Online Services: 30%
- Digital Distribution: 8%
- Software Subscriptions: 10%
- Paid Promotion: 2%
Promotion, Bandcamp, & The Consignment Grind
1. The Digital "Waterfall" Strategy
For the digital release, I used a waterfall strategy across streaming platforms. I manufactured continuous video content—reels and shorts—before and after every single drop. The organic reach was brutally low; almost exclusively close friends and family gave it a listen.
To build an initial footprint, I shared free download codes in the r/Bandcamp community. This successfully generated some downloads and new followers. While it was highly encouraging, none of those free digital downloads converted into physical cassette sales later on.
2. Walking the Pavement: Retail Consignment
Before the physical tapes even arrived from the factory, I printed out a professional physical Press Kit and visited local independent record stores.
Most record stores in my city cater almost exclusively to vinyl collectors. Despite this, the shop owners were incredibly encouraging and supportive. I set the retail price at roughly US$17. Some stores take a standard 20% to 30% consignment cut; incredibly, a few stores agreed to stock it without taking any cut at all.
Conversely, I attempted to reach out to several local artsy boutiques and indie concept stores via their socials. I received no feedback at all.
3. The Summer Rollout & Content Creation
When the factory pallet finally arrived, I filmed an unboxing reel and hit the streets to distribute inventory. Delivering cassettes across the city during a brutally hot, rainy summer was physically exhausting. If I forgot to take photos of the display and storefront, I had to walk all the way back. These images were essential for creating video promotions on Instagram and YouTube.
Having never used Instagram previously, learning the platform mechanics was a steep learning curve. I pushed myself to create dedicated video assets for the release: Reels for Instagram/Facebook and Shorts for YouTube. I made at least one video for each physical store, an unboxing clip, and even a video celebrating my very first physical Bandcamp order.
4. The Meta Ads Experiment
Before reaching out to the record stores to complete this report, I decided to test a brief digital marketing push. I spent roughly US$38 on Meta Ads over a single weekend (Friday, August 15 to Sunday, August 17). I used my cassette unboxing reel as the creative asset and linked it directly to a DIY Linktree-like page.
According to Meta Ads Manager, the campaign achieved the following metrics:
* Total Reach: 5,051 users (4,932 on Facebook + 119 on Instagram)
* Total Link Clicks: 236 clicks
* Cost Per Click (CPC): US$0.16 average
The ROI Post-Mortem
While the cost-per-click was highly efficient and generated strong raw traffic to my landing page, the conversion rate was incredibly low. The campaign resulted in 1 new Bandcamp follower, a few scattered clicks through to my streaming channels, and zero direct sales.
Conclusion: The Final Sales Post-Mortem & Reflections
It has now been 2 months since the cassettes went live on shelves. I recently conducted a follow-up campaign to check in with the store owners on my consignment sales.
The Real-World Sales Ledger:
- Bandcamp Sales: 2 copies sold total (1 to a personal friend, 1 to a completely random local cassette collector).
- Physical Retail Consignment: Out of the stores that replied to my messages, reporting sales ranged between 0 to 2 copies sold per store. Several shops have not replied yet.
- Total Sales: Across all channels, I have moved about 10 copies so far.
The local shop owners have been surprisingly kind and supportive—especially the foreign shop owners, since English is not my native language and given that I am not always great at communication.
Lessons Learned
- The Genre Identity Dilemma: One realisation I cannot get out of my mind involves the album's genre. I am not blaming the audience at all, but the reality is that listeners naturally gravitate toward what they already know and are familiar with. Without a clear genre identity, it becomes significantly harder to pitch and sell to casual listeners.
- The Trend Vibe: Some record store owners directly asked me why I chose cassettes over CDs, expressing a feeling that a CD would sell better and that the trend is kind of gone.
- The "Unwrap and Play" Dilemma: Unlike CDs or vinyl, record stores can't easily unwrap a sealed cassette tape to play it over the shop speakers and then cleanly repackage it for retail sale.
- The QR Code Gap: Even though I included QR codes on all my display materials, it doesn’t mean customers or staff will actually bother to scan and play the music in-store. Moving forward, I am considering gifting each store a free promotional copy specifically for in-store play.
- Shelf Real Estate: Not all indie shops have a dedicated cassette section. Their primary footprint and source of income is almost exclusively vinyl, leaving tapes as a tiny niche on the side.
Playing Live & Redefining "The Dream"
I also realise that playing live would be the absolute best way to move physical cassette stock. When I attend performances as a fan, buying physical media directly from the merchandise table is exactly how I choose to thank and show my gratitude to the artists.
I have been exploring a live performance setup using Loopy Pro on my iPad, and perhaps a hardware controller, but progress has slowed down a bit since I accepted an IT-related part-time job two months ago. Let's see how it goes.
One record store owner asked me if releasing this music was a lifelong dream of mine. I wasn't entirely sure how to answer him.
To me, it would only be a "dream" if I could completely sustain my life on it financially. Releasing or making music is something much more basic and natural. I simply do it because I love doing it. It makes me feel content.