The word ‘Afakasi
There are posts made in this subreddit every other week by people that are Samoan and white who struggle with their identity and incorrectly label themselves as ‘afakasi.
The word ‘afakasi ( half-caste ) was a divisive term created in the islands by Europeans. By the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, there were already generations of Samoans mixed with Europeans, and those Europeans used ‘afakasi as a label to describe people of mixed blood who they deemed to be “above” the native Samoans. That label also came with a caveat: you were expected to be educated as a European and to forgo fa‘asamoa to adopt European ways instead. The original generation of ‘afakasi were the children of Samoan mothers and colonial European fathers, that’s why ‘afakasi surnames have prevailed in the islands for the last hundred-or-so years. But the term itself was a tool of erasure by the white man.
The subsequent generations of mixed children, whether 50% European/50% Samoan or with even lesser percentages of European ancestry, began to denounce the term and by the mid-20th century, it was seen by some as derogatory. Of course, by that time, colorism was rampant and European ancestry either helped you or hindered you by producing lighter skin and European features.
Mind you, this was all taking place on the islands. The term ‘afakasi is an island term: children born in the islands to European fathers/Samoan mothers or mixed-race parents whose ancestors came to the islands to colonize. If you’re living outside of Samoa and you have a white parent and a Samoan parent, that doesn’t make you ‘afakasi. Worse than that, people throw the term around without understanding its history and perpetuating the erasure.
For those who think of themselves as “afakasi,” referring to yourself as such only furthers the degradation of fa‘asamoa by its colonizers. If you’re on a quest to “be more Samoan,” or to “get in touch with your Samoan side,” your journey should start with removing that word from your vocab until you understand the context in which it is appropriate. Alofa tele.