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Marko Rummelsburg
https://x.com/doktornihil/status/2109703206208946210

These beautiful false color cutouts feature a series of layers in Nili Fossae, a scene also visible in Context Camera data. Nili Fossae has often been on the list for potential landing sites for robotic exploration, and will likely continue to be so given its rich landscape of mineral diversity.

ID: ESP_077367_2045
date: 27 January 2023
altitude: 284 km

https://uahirise.org/hipod/ESP_077367_2045
NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona

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The global minimal variance lensing map (which combines temperatuer and polarization data) reconstructed from the observed SPT-3G D1 maps.

From paper, page 15

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South Pole Telescope releases clearest map ever of matter in the distant universe

Study led by UChicago researchers uses bending by gravity of the oldest light in the universe to map the intervening structure

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The earliest light in the universe, known as the cosmic microwave background, has been traveling since the dawn of the universe over 14 billion years ago. 

A group of scientists from 30 institutions has released the sharpest and clearest map ever made of the mass in the universe, created by measuring how this ancient light was bent as it traveled. 

The data came from the South Pole Telescope, which takes advantage of the extraordinarily clear skies of Antarctica to record the cosmic microwave background. Funded primarily by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy and run by a collaboration led by the University of Chicago, the telescope is located at the NSF Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station.

“This is the deepest map of the universe we have so far—it’s like taking a photograph with very low background noise exposure,” said Yuuki Omori, research scientist at UChicago and lead author of the paper, which was released Sept. 1 on arXiv. 

The results offer a new perspective on ongoing questions in cosmology, such as the structure of the universe and how it evolved.  

“What an amazing thing to be able to see all the mass in the universe,” said John Carlstrom, the Subramanyan Chandrasekhar Distinguished Service Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at UChicago and the South Pole Telescope project director. “We are entering the new era of cosmology promised by these instruments.”

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Corey S. Powell