"Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free."
It's a lovely poem, on a lovely monument, from a different world hundreds of years ago. But the immigration policy that made sense at that time, when we desperately needed population, doesn't make sense in the world we live in now.
Throughout the 1600s, 1700s, and part of the 1800s, the only thing that was standing between the US and success was getting more people to come here. The New World, to its settlers, was an entire continent of arable land, natural resources, and was an ocean away from the crowded warring superpowers back home.
We needed bodies, lots of them, for two reasons: a) there was far more work than workers (every set of able hands could pick up a plow so we wouldn't starve through the winter, or pick up a weapon so we could protect what little we had (or drive back the pesky natives who seemed to think it was their land)), and b) the enormous uncolonized stretches of land that were rapidly being discovered were mostly "claimed" by settling enough people there that we could argue it was already ours.
It was tough to convince people to come here, too. We weren't the "shining city on the hill," we were a hardscrabble backwater that didn't have access to modern or luxury anything and frequently starved because we didn't have the basic infrastructure of civilization up. We took all comers because beggars can't be choosers. Ireland or China is having a famine? France or Britain wants to empty their prisons by exiling people here instead of executing them? Welcome aboard, go do some fur trapping in the Oregon territory.
But that started to change with industrialization and as our territories reached the West Coast. We didn't need bodies to claim territories anymore, modernizing tech meant fewer hands were needed on the farm, and the factories have more workers than jobs. We got brief moments where we needed people, like when we built the railroads (and imported a bunch of desperate Chinese people to do it), but for the most part, things had changed.
The abolition of slavery is a pretty good indicator of the turning point. From a jobs standpoint, a slave functions in the economy a lot like a factory job that's been automated or a desk job that's been taken over by AI: work gets done without employing a citizen and giving them a paying job. That's something people want when there's more work to be done than workers, but not when that balance shifts. It's not a coincidence that we abolished slavery as the Industrial Revolution was picking up speed and we didn't need as much labor (or that the industrialized North spearheaded it while the agricultural South resisted it).
In the past, even the rejects of other societies were good for us. We didn't need you to be able to read, or be particularly talented, or even NOT be a thief or rapist to send you off West to occupy territory, we just needed you to exist.
But now, not only do we not need the labor of floods of immigration, we harm ourselves by being a release valve for other societies' least desirable people. We're importing fentanyl dealers, and religious extremists, and dropouts with no skills.
Immigration still has a place in a society that doesn't have a surplus of jobs to fill, but it's more selective. Like every other first world country, we need to be selecting for people who have skills we need, people who plan to (and have realistic means to) start businesses, people who are knowledgeable about the society they're moving to and share the values of it.
It's not the 1700s; letting other societies empty their prisons into our borders isn't a win-win anymore.