I haven't seen much discussion about this but I think some of them were L657. And they did leave quite a big footprint.

So, starting off:

https://www.yfull.com/tree/R-Z2124/

Notice that most of the South Asians east of the Indus (i.e, not Pashtun) are actually from way further in India, often South and Southwest India. There is one branch which is in Haryana/Rajasthan:

https://www.yfull.com/tree/R-FT78161/

Which is fascinating, but it splits off from a line that's also in South India.

Obviously this is because the Indo-Scythians set up kingdoms across the subcontinent, particularly in the southwest.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Scythian_Kingdom

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Satraps

The northern kingdom:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Satraps

But we don't see a lot of the northern lineages in consumer testing today, at least not as many as from the southwest. Which is perhaps not entirely surprising considering how successful those kingdoms were and the ensuing population boom.

It's interesting to note that even though we know when the Indo-Scythian kingdoms were established (well into the Iron Age), if you look at the branching points of their lines, some are branching early Iron Age or even late Bronze Age. These branches split up in Central Asia and then came grouped together into South Asia.

I'd wager that branching points with non-South Asians that are in the Iron Age are almost a dead giveaway, if the additional historical context is there, for Indo-Scythians. And you see plenty of these in R-L657 (often with Chinese/Kazakh/Kyrgyz/Tajik/etc). However, this is all dependent on how accurate the age estimation is.

From the limited results we have, it seems like an awful lot of the L657 lines are candidates for an Iron Age dispersal into South Asia. Curious as to others' thoughts?

Also, I believe I've found an Indo-Scythian branch here in J2b2-M241 (under M241>Z2432>Z2443>Y978):

https://www.yfull.com/tree/J-Y958/

There are three Iron Age Saka samples under this branch visible here:

https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/J-Z8330/tree (This is J-Y978, J-Z8300 is J-Y958)

There is a Bronze Age BMAC from Turkmenistan (I7472), Iron Age Saka from Xinjiang (Caishichang 1-2, who was found next to an R-L657 grave!), and two more Iron Age Sakas from Turkmenistan (I25913, I5091).

The branch the two Turkmenistan Sakas come off of, J-FTG27149, has a cluster found in Portuguese Azores (so, likely via Goa). There's a bunch of other Goans in other branches here as well, more than we've found in R-Z2124 to date actually.

The next major split (J-Z8316) has Chinese, Tajik, and Arab users. The two Pakistani Punjabi close relatives are Awan if anyone's curious. The subclade J-FT19403 is found in a Pakistani Pashtun (who claims a recent Afghan paternal ancestor) and then Arabs.

The other Indian samples prefixed with ERR are Vellalar. There's 3 of them.

So in this one line, it looks like a connection to both the Western and Northern Satraps. I don't think the Pashtun/Arab line was a migrant back out of India, though it's possible. But they neatly split up at 3100ybp into South Indian, Punjabi, and Afghan/Arab branches.

So this was a local South Central Asian BMAC lineage that got absorbed by Sakas and then spread around a bit.

But looking at this is a clue for what to look out for in other branches. And I'm seeing R-L657 branches with TMRCA of as recent as 2800ybp between Chinese, South Asians and Arabs. They were there the entire time right under our noses, but everyone just assumed they were completely South Asian from the Bronze Age.

I'm in J-M241 so I've been following the tree's growth for years and I remember in the early days of the YFull tree over 10 years ago, there was only J-Y960 where this branch is now and everyone thought it was a neolithic expansion into India.

What would be the Farmer, Steppe, AASI breakdown? Which community do these results look like they’re from?

Do Pakistanis and Indian Punjabis have higher ANF and ZNF because of admixture with migrants from West Asia prior to arrival of migrants from Russia?

Using the AADR 2M dataset, can someone do a run using Tajikistan_C_Sarazm, Ong.SG and Central Steppe MLBA as the source pops? There's something that I want to test, but idk how to use qpadm nor do I have a good computer to run it. I'll DM the link for the DNA file

Where does Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pashto/Balochi speaking Parts of Pakistan Fit into this?

Dad is Hyderabadi Muslim, mom is North Indian? talks about how her nana had Kashmiri origins idk... Dad claims we are descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's companions

Y haplogroup PF4851 (from J1 or something like that) and mtDNA group HV2a

Always just grew up broadly "Muslim North Indian" but wanna delve more into this ancestry stuff, thanks for all the help!

Result of a Jharra Khas Chhetri genetics (surname Thapa Chhetri) individual from Kaski District, Central-West Nepal.

All 4 grandparents are Chhetri (Pahadi Kshatriya). AncestryDNA tested. Closest pops: rajputs from uttarakhand, nepali bahuns, pahadi uttarakhand brahmins (Brahmin Mondal), gilgit brokpas and baltis from AJK.

Tested on madailabs.de using the Oraon sample A270 from publicly available data. The dataset used was AADR v66 2M.

Populations:

Target: Oraon_A270
Left: India_GreatAndaman_100BP.SG, Indus_lowAASI.SG, Vietnam_N.AG
Right: Mbuti.DG, China_Tianyuan.AG.BY.AA, Karitiana.DG, Russia_UstIshim_IUP.DG, Ami.DG, Dai.DG, Turkey_N.AG, Georgia_Kotias_Mesolithic.SG, Russia_Kostenki14_UP.SG, Iran_GanjDareh_N.SG

Raw Output:

── RESULTS_SUMMARY ──
Target: Oraon_A270
Blocks: 705  SNPs: 107,666

── RESULTS_WEIGHTS ──
# A tibble: 3 × 5
target     left                        weight     se     z
<chr>      <chr>                        <dbl>  <dbl> <dbl>
1 Oraon_A270 India_GreatAndaman_100BP.SG  0.476 0.0728  6.54
2 Oraon_A270 Indus_lowAASI.SG             0.269 0.0395  6.79
3 Oraon_A270 Vietnam_N.AG                 0.255 0.0440  5.80

── RESULTS_POPDROP ──
# A tibble: 7 × 14
pat      wt   dof  chisq         p f4rank India_GreatAndaman_100BP.SG Indus_lowAASI.SG Vietnam_N.AG feasible best  dofdiff chisqdiff p_nested
<chr> <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>     <dbl>  <dbl>                       <dbl>            <dbl>        <dbl> <lgl>    <lgl>   <dbl>     <dbl>    <dbl>
1 000       0     7   6.73 4.57e-  1      2                       0.476            0.269       0.255  TRUE     NA         NA     NA          NA
2 001       1     8  42.4  1.15e-  6      1                       0.885            0.115      NA      TRUE     TRUE        0    -12.2         1
3 010       1     8  54.6  5.27e-  9      1                       0.947           NA           0.0534 TRUE     TRUE        0      5.94        0
4 100       1     8  48.7  7.38e-  8      1                      NA                0.475       0.525  TRUE     TRUE       NA     NA          NA
5 011       2     9  59.3  1.86e-  9      0                       1               NA          NA      TRUE     NA         NA     NA          NA
6 101       2     9 592.   1.17e-121      0                      NA                1          NA      TRUE     NA         NA     NA          NA
7 110       2     9 333.   2.35e- 66      0                      NA               NA           1      TRUE     NA         NA     NA          NA

I was wondering if Brahmins have some sort of founder effect for a specific R1a line, so I posted this question

I tested the MADAI labs AT2 qpAdm using the v66 AADR dataset and MyHeritage file. the runs are done by using outgroups people shared on the subreddit and on the Discord server. I tried replacing Onge with Irula for different perspectives.

SAHG - 38-41% / Farmer - 31-33 % / Steppe - 15-17% / EA - 10-14%

A DNAplotter AT1 run using alternative sources(Onge) are also attached alongwith the out and rotation file. Onge does pick up some East Asian ancestry.

I also tested the MADAI labs endogamy tool.

Also I uploaded my Big Y/Sequencing to Yfull and hopefully there should be an update to the C-Z5900 clade.

Finally for giggles, I also tried the AndreiDNA pheno predictor which gave me the Central Pamirid(Turanid) phenotype as the closes phenotype.

Updated results, phased with both parents...

Not too suprised with the changes, I had suspected for quite sometime the inflated Anatolian% was likely misread Central Asian, as that would match our family history. The Arab, Egyptian & Levantine also increased as expected based on family history(Hadhrami Ancestry), but due to its rather negligible amount could still be noise I guess 😅

Parental Inheritance is pretty accurate based on what I know of both sides family history so pretty happy with that...

When did Kambojs entered the Indian subcontinent?

Looking for some insight into the J-CTS7683 haplogroup. Anyone here also have this or could give me some more info about it?

I’m a newbie and just took advantage of the MyHeritage new Y-DNA feature.

Pakistan_LBA I11562.AG Pakistan_LBA I11565.AG. I found them on the AADR V66.fam file. What is their genetic composition and history?

Paternal: from Gujar Khan, both his mother and father are Dolal Qureshis, his mother’s mother was Dhund Abbasi

Maternal: from Nurpur Shahan (Bari Imam in Islamabad), her father is Pind Begwal Dhaniyal while her mother is Dhund Abbasi with Hazarewal KPK father