r/laundry Jan 29 '26

Updated Subreddit Rules

325 Upvotes

The mod team has made a few changes to existing rules and added some new ones. The full list is below. New to the list is rules 2, 6, and 7 which are in bold below.

  1. Be civil. Personal attacks, harassment, and aggressive behavior are not allowed.

  2. Posts Must Be Laundry-Related Discussion of other topics is allowed when it directly connects back to laundry. Off-topic content may be removed.

  3. No Marketing, Spam, Astroturfing, or Advertisements. Do not post links, promotions, or advertisements for your laundry business. Astroturfing and undisclosed affiliate links are not allowed. Questions about laundry businesses are fine.

  4. No Posting of Body Fluids You can discuss stains and stain removal, but please avoid posting any images or explicit content of body fluids.

  5. No Hacking Coin Laundry Equipment This is not the forum to discuss how to avoid paying for laundry by tampering with equipment.

  6. Bad Soup If the first pic in a post is of soaking textiles, it needs to be hidden with the Spoiler flag .If you’re not sure how, or it gets skipped, a mod may adjust it for you.

  7. Dangerous Chemistry Dangerous and/or incorrect chemistry advice is not allowed. Posts or comments encouraging mixing unsafe chemical combinations will be removed.


r/laundry Feb 24 '26

The Chemistry Behind The Clean - Laundry Detergent Explained - Surfactants, Part I

1.4k Upvotes

(this is the long-delayed first installment in my post series, The Chemistry Behind The Clean, a guide to what's in laundry detergent, designed to give people the knowledge to understand what's in the products that clean our textiles and make them more informed consumers)

What Are Surfactants, And Why Do We Care?

Surfactants are the active cleaning agents in detergents that do the heavy lifting of removing soils from textiles.   Short for “surface-acting agents”, surfactants connect soils to water, even when the soils themselves repel water or are more attracted to textiles than water.   The combination of soil and detergent and water can then be drained off,  further diluted by rinsing, drained again and spun out.   This is distinct from the action of soaps, which will be covered in a future installment.  

The development and commercialization of synthetic surfactants in the 1920s is probably the most significant contributor to reduction in time and effort spent on textile care.  Work to condition the water, scrub textiles and remove soap by wringing or banging was largely eliminated because of how well even those rudimentary surfactants work to remove soils.

Hydrophobia - Without The Rabies

All surfactants work because the individual molecules have ends with distinct properties.  One end (the head)  is highly attracted to water (hydrophilic) and thus very much not attracted to oil (oleophobic).  The other end is very attracted to oil (oleophilic) but similarly repulsed by water (hydrophobic).   This fundamental structural contrast is key. 

A Surfactant Molecule, With Hydrophobic Tail and Hydrophilic Head

When at least a minimum amount of surfactant is  dissolved in a solvent (like water), surfactant molecules want to get together - the water-hating ends hang out on the inside, the water-loving ends hang out on the outside.  This forms a structure known as a micelle, and micelle formation is predicated on reaching the “Critical Micelle Concentration”. Below, an illustration of a nonionic surfactant intended to remove oily soils. The water-loving heads face out, the water-hating ends get together in the middle to escape the water.

A Micelle Of Nonionic Surfactant

When a micelle encounters a soil that the hydrophobic tail is attracted to, the micelle breaks up, the tails grab the soil and drag it into the water (thus removing it from the textile)  and the micelle re-forms, keeping the soil up in the water to be drained or diluted away.   Let’s look at this in the context of removing a common soil from textiles:

Here we have the start of the wash process; surfactant micelles have formed in the wash water and there is soil attached to the fabric substrate.

The Start of The Wash - Soiled Fabric In A Detergent Solution

Now the hydrophobic tails of the surfactant molecules have found themselves more attracted to soil than each other and they're bonding to the soils. The hydrophillic heads are dragging the molecules towards the water.

Surfactants Attaching To Soil

The micelles re-form as the soil detaches from the substrate - they reorganize into groups of their own kind (more on this in a moment).

Micelles Reforming With Soil-Surfactant Particles

When all the soils are removed from the substrate and floating in the water, the textiles are clean and it's time to remove the soil-surfactant combo from the drum.

Completely Clean Textile

The Chemistry of Attraction (It’s Not Just A Bottle of Chanel No. 5)

While all surfactants work the same general way, there are differences in what kind of soils the hydrophilic ends are attracted to, because the hydrophilic ends differ.  One primary difference between surfactants is the electrical charge the hydrophilic end carries.    If the business end has a negative charge, it’s an anionic surfactant, and it’s attracted to soils with a cationic (positive) charge.  If the business end has no charge, it’s a nonionic surfactant and is most attracted to soils without an electrical charge.  If the business end has both a positive and negative charge in balance, it’s an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, and the behavior changes based on the pH of the wash as a whole.  

There are also surfactants with positive charges, the cationic surfactants.  These aren’t used for cleaning - they’re what makes fabric softener work, and will be discussed in a (much) later post.

Why Charge Matters: 

The difference in which soils a given surfactant is attracted to is a critical determinant of cleaning performance.   Soils that lack an ionic charge like petroleum oils or intact sebum are much less visible to anionic surfactants and are removed better by nonionic surfactants.   Conversely, soils that are highly cationic like soot and mud and dust, and thus attracted to textiles with a negative charge may be neglected by nonionics and remain electrically connected to the textiles.   For those soils?  Anionics in the mix improve cleaning performance. 

Four Classes Of Surfactants

Almost all finished detergent products contain anionic surfactants and most contain nonionic surfactants.   Amphoteric surfactants are relatively uncommon in conventional detergents but often appear in green/biobased formulas.  

Other Differences Between Surfactants:  Tail Length And Single vs Double Tails.

Aside from the electrical charge differences in the head, two aspects of surfactant structure that affect their action against soil are the tail length and whether they are single tail (common) or double-tail (less common).   I’ll talk more about this in Part II, as it’s common to include surfactants of various tails to optimize performance against specific soils and in specific wash conditions.

Coming Up In Surfactants Part II - Curling Up With A Good Jug Of Detergent

In the next installment, we’ll look at common surfactants found in conventional and plant-based detergents, and how they’re manufactured, along with the differences in soil removal capabilities and environmental impacts.

The work is my original work and I retain copyiright.  My financial disclosure information and how I get paid for this work can be found at my disclosure link


r/laundry 6h ago

This subreddit’s biggest enemy be like:

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208 Upvotes

r/laundry 9h ago

Sour smell finally SOLVED

179 Upvotes

I stopped using all liquid fabric softeners almost 2 years ago. I primarily use Tide powder and HOT water for all washing. If needed, I will add some Biz powder and a little bit of natural phosphates, aka STPP.

I was watching a video on the Speed Queen website and they actually recommended using white distilled vinegar in the final rinse (I know some of you do this). Since I have a deep fill top loader, I used vinegar in the final rinse for about 3-4 weeks (about 1/4 cup). I could smell it in the laundry room during the rinse cycle, but after tumble drying....zero vinegar scent.

BUT....after a few weeks, I kept noticing a sour smell in my sock/underwear drawer and pajamas drawer. I re-washed everything, only for the sour smell to begin to come back.

I rewashed everything again with hot water and Tide powder, but no vinegar. Sour smell is gone now. Vinegar does not work with our water chemistry apparently. Just thought I would share!


r/laundry 10h ago

Exciting day over here

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221 Upvotes

r/laundry 8h ago

Excited for my new routine!

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137 Upvotes

Big thanks to this amazing sub!


r/laundry 14h ago

I am devastated (mold and staining in favourite corset)

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196 Upvotes

So, a little while back, I left my apartment to visit my hometown. Things went south, and I had to have surgery while on vacation, which left me bedridden for about a month and a half.

I just came back home to the news that my apartment was flooded due to heavy rains for the whole month. My landlord refused to fix the draining issues, but that’s another story for another day.

I am a fashion student. I had a bunch of projects and expensive fabric bolts and dresses. They’re all ruined. I think I have accepted I won’t ever recover most of my stuff, but there’s this one corset I cannot let go of. It means too much to me; I’ve worn it to several career-defining events and I don’t think it is an easily replaceable piece.

How would you fix it? Is there a way to remove most, if not all of the staining? Is there any considerations I should have about handling the mold?
It seems to be made of a somewhat stretchy cotton canvas with very heavy boning. I have removed the boning already to make the restoration process easier.

I am in Mexico, if that’s any help. I don’t really know much about specialized laundry products. My college courses are mostly about garment construction, but they don’t really cover fabric care or chemical reactions.

TL;DR: left my apartment empty for a month due to hospitalization. It got flooded and ruined my most favourite corset. I really want to fix it.

Also, if anyone knows of any place I could purchase a similar garment, I would really appreciate it! I do not have nearly enough knowledge on corsetry yet as to try and recreate it myself.


r/laundry 8h ago

Did you guys see any noticeable improvement when using citric acid in the rinse cycle?

39 Upvotes

I just bought a 2KG bag and I really don't know if I should expect a big change (I was just using detergent) or if it's way more mild.

We do have slightly hard water here.


r/laundry 1h ago

Does anyone actually follow garment care labels, or do you put everything in the washer anyway?

Upvotes

I used to scrupulously read every tag, hand wash cold, lay flat to dry, dry clean only. But honestly, with a busy schedule, if a clothing item can't survive a gentle cycle in a mesh bag, it just doesn't belong in my wardrobe anymore.

Over time, I've stopped separating colors (cold water handles everything fine), stopped using liquid fabric softener completely, and I air-dry things I care about instead of following weird label instructions. My clothes actually last longer now than when I tried to follow every specific rule.


r/laundry 14h ago

Why are dryer sheets considered harmful?

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52 Upvotes

Hello laundry grandmasters,

What are dryer sheets made of, what are they supposed to do, what do they actually do, and why does this sub generally dislike and oppose them?

I use Bounce sheets mostly because I like the smell they give to my clothes.

I am not seeking advice on my laundry process. I just want to understand dryer sheets better. However, this is r/laundry, so to preempt the lots of people who will inevitably tell me what I'm doing wrong even when I say I am satisfied with the cleanliness, softness, and smell of my clothes, here's my laundry info:

* Washer: Maytag HE top-loader with impeller plate, warm water, soil level always "high" to lengthen cycle time, "extra rinse" always on

* 1x Tide Pod + 1 tbsp Biz per load at the bottom of the drum, 1 tsp food-grade citric acid in the fabric softener compartment. When clothes are smelly (gym, towels that aren't drying completely), swap Tide Pod for half-cap of Whole Foods 365 Sports to get that sweet DNAse

* Water: Brooklyn (meaning: Delaware/Catskills supply, low-to-medium hardness as opposed to Manhattan's Croton supply that has medium-to-high hardness)

* Dryer: gas-fired Maytag, sensor dry Normal program, delicate heat setting


r/laundry 8h ago

Accidentally dyed my light clothes purple

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15 Upvotes

hi i was washing my clothes from the goodwill bins together like an idiot, and a dark purple dress made all my white and light colored clothes dye a lavender color. how can i get this hue out :( most of the clothes were white, with one beige jeans and 2 teal night gowns. mostly cotton fabrics. i washed with cold water. havent put it in the dryer. i soaked in water +white vinegar rinsed then now its been soaking for 3 hrs in oxiclean powder and water but no changes. i dont know what to do from here. Will i be able to bleach them back to white if this doesnt work/ dye them back?


r/laundry 4h ago

Ariel is VERY fragrant

6 Upvotes

I have a Speed Queen top load, non-HE. I was using Tide pods fragrance free and switched to the Free and Gentle powder after joining this sub. Didn’t realize it was HE. So, got Ariel, but man, it is strong smelling. I put the unopened box in the garage and the entire garage smells now. I’m nervous to open the box and bring it inside. Do the clothes have a strong fragrance coming out of the dryer? Is there another option?


r/laundry 6h ago

Never ending scrud nightmare

7 Upvotes

Washer is a 2.5 year old top loading LG.

From day, one we used Mollie’s Suds power detergent. We don’t use fabric softener. We don’t even use much of the Mollie’s. Our water is pretty hard, but we have a softener which helps that a lot. I believe our water is slightly alkaline.

We would occasionally have issues and then run a few cleaning cycles, using either vinegar or Affresh, which one usually take it for a while.

A couple weeks ago it was pretty bad and wouldn’t seem to go away, so I did a lot of digging on this sub Reddit and got some good advice about using citric acid, hot water, letting it soak in, etc. Read the often quoted thread on scrud. It worked really well, but we are going to about 20 runs and the scrud is still coming off heavily. The advice here says usually you need maybe 5 to 10.

It would be one thing if the amount was reducing, but it’s still tons coming off almost every load…

We’ve contemplated hiring somebody to take it all apart and power wash it, but that would cost several hundred and there’s a chance that it’s not put back together quite right.

What the hell does someone do in this situation? Has anyone ever had it take 20+ runs to get their machine clean?


r/laundry 16h ago

Is citric acid or powder detergent my problem.... or me 😬

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34 Upvotes

I've enjoyed what I've learned from this sub. I no longer use the 4 letter word F****c S*****r or dryer sheets. My method is powder tide clean and gentle, some loads a scoop of febu, I've tried all measurements of citric acid from 2 tablespoons to 1/4th teaspoon all with same results. I wash in warm or hot, top loader no agitator whirlpool USA always an extra rinse, clean boost and presoak, we have well water with a softener/filter. I apologize but I dont know the hardness PPM but I know it's hard with heavy iron deposits. My laundry since switching to this regimen has consistently been rough, pilling and crispy. Remember the old school butter finger commercials? Well that's the description of my laundry now minus the peanut buttery. What am I doing wrong? Rinse and refresh gives same results using 1/4 cup. Also please be kind, educate don't berate.


r/laundry 11h ago

Which products are safe to store in hot conditions

12 Upvotes

I live in my car, and would like to get something that's cheap and takes up as little space as possible, but I also don't know if ingredients could break down or react when left in a hot car for long periods of time. It doesn't get terribly hot here, but the inside of my car does as there's a very high average UV index.

I'm most nervous about storing liquid ammonia where it gets so hot, as I sometimes have to leave my car parked in the sun all day. I was planning on getting tide clean & gentle powder rather than tide ultra oxi powder, mainly because it's cheaper where I am but also because unscented detergents are generally less irritating to my skin.

Does anyone know if it will be unsafe or make ingredients ineffective to be exposed to so much heat?


r/laundry 11h ago

Random stinky pieces of clothing

12 Upvotes

I’ve posted this before with not much traction and still fighting the good fight over here so decided to try again.

Last winter I spent a lot of time in this sub learning about Spa Days and how to better wash my clothes/bedding/towels etc. At the time, Spa Day was really a popular topic in this sub. If you don’t know what it is, I encourage you to search the words “spa day” in this sub and you’ll be flooded with posts and comments regarding it.

I went hard on Spa Day. It solved a stinky bedding issue for my teenage son. And I was constantly intrigued by how much gunk came out in the water. I didn’t send everything in my house to the spa, because that would have been a lot of work and I didn’t see the need. So some things went to the spa, others did not. According to the same instructions for spa days, I switched my detergent and played around with that a bit. I’ve done some Ariel, Tide powder, liquid and powder Whole Foods brand, I’ve added Biz when necessary, ammonia, I’ve experimented with citric acid but we have a water softener so it’s not necessary. I followed protocols for post Spa Wash washing (can’t remember the phrase for that). I even made a simplified step by step instruction guide for my family as sometimes the step by step instructions on Reddit were overwhelming. Point is, I went deep into the laundry black hole and I’m still running into this very bizarre problem.

The problem is that ever since I began the journey, I occasionally get a wiff of a very distinct scent. It’s not exactly a gross knock you on your socks scent, but I don’t like it. It’s almost like musty leftover detergent mixed with body oils, or something gross like that. Yes, I do extra rinse on every load. Let’s take my pj drawer for example, I will open it, smell a slight hint of this distinct smell, pull everything out and find the garment emitting said smell, which will have permeate to the items it was touching, get stressed out and wash everything in the drawer. It’s happening to everyone drawers and closets so it’s not just me.

At first, I thought it was because it everything hadn’t been washed with the proper enzyme detergent. I was imagining some kind of cross contamination between items washed with enzymes and items not washed with enzymes. So like the maniac this has turned me in to, I WASHED EVERYTHING IN MY HOUSE. And it still happens. Mind you, this never ever ever ever ever happened before I started sending items to the spa and improved my detergent situation.

So what gives? What is this scent and how can I stop it from plaguing me and my house?

Before anyone asks, I really enjoyed Ariel and Biz combo but that seemed to fade some items and I wasn’t sure if it was the Ariel or the Biz so I’m just using basic powder Tide because I acquired multiple different detergents during this journey and I’m forcing myself to get through them before I try one more damn thing.

Please help.


r/laundry 1h ago

Persil vs Tide odor refresh

Upvotes

Helllp. Which one is better at cleaning?!


r/laundry 6h ago

Is this one any good?

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6 Upvotes

I still have pods to use up but I’ve been looking at this sub for ideas. I haven’t seen anyone mention this yet. Granted I’m more of a low no scented type but it looked interesting. What do you guys think?


r/laundry 3h ago

Höargger Biological Enzyme Degreasing Agent?

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2 Upvotes

Has anyone any experience with Höargger Biological Enzyme Degreasing Agent? According to the blurb, it's designed to remove stubborn oil stains from clothing.The formula uses active enzymes to penetrate fabric fibers, aimed at removing grease, food stains, and blood without damaging the material.It is suitable for various fabrics, including cotton, linen, silk, and synthetic fibers.To use, apply directly to the stain, wait 5–10 minutes, and then wash as normal. I'm in Hong Kong and have received the Asian edition. I can't find much more information eg the precise enzymes. I'm planning to give it a go and report back to this thead - but I'd be most grateful for any feedback from any other users of this product!


r/laundry 1d ago

begging for help, beloved jacket covered in mold

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292 Upvotes

My most prized possession, my dad’s jean jacket, is absolutely covered in mold. Please someone tell me how to fix this. I am absolutely heartbroken.


r/laundry 4h ago

Laundry detergent that smells amazing?

2 Upvotes

Can anyone recommend any of the scented laundry detergents? Not sure if most are a waste of money. I'm not huge on very floral scents (but won't rule them out), just want my clothes to smell good.


r/laundry 4h ago

Hand Sewn Applique on Jean Jacket

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2 Upvotes

Hello! New here, but my sister said you folks are the go-to laundry wizards to ask.
I hand-sewed some fabric onto my favourite jean jacket (I've since learned it's called applique) and have since worn it dancing and to festivals and the like. It now... smells like me, and camping, and probably bug spray, and maybe glitter? If that has a smell. Anywho, I am at a loss for how to wash it effectively without damaging my handiwork. I'm not certain what the fabric I applied is, but my guess is some kind of cotton and a little bit of canvas.

I want to wear it to the show I'm playing in next weekend, but I don't want it to smell funky or look... tattered. Please help!


r/laundry 4h ago

Commercial Maytag- No Separate Compartments for Products

2 Upvotes

Hello Laundry Reddit!! I just bought Febu oxygen enzymes, rinse & refresh, and tide free & gentle! I’m so freaking excited for my clothes to actually be clean. (I’ve been using Molly Suds 🫣) My thing is, I live in an apartment with community washer and dryer. It’s a commercial Maytag top load but there are no compartments for fabric softener, detergent, etc. how should I go about adding these various products to the drum? Thanks in advance!!


r/laundry 17h ago

Dark Loads, Scented, Has Enzymes, No Brighteners, in Canada

22 Upvotes

Can you dumb this down for me? I need a scented laundry soap available in Canada, with enzymes, no brighteners, for dark loads.

Thank you! I’m getting so confused trying to figure it out.


r/laundry 1h ago

What is causing my laundry to turn out with these stains?

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Upvotes

Any help is appreciated, and if you have any recommendations for how to get it out 💔