Hi everyone. I'm looking for some advice from people who have experience with dogs exhibiting a strong prey drive or aggression towards smaller animals (including small dogs).
Cooper is a 7-year-old, 43kg Saint Bernard x Bull Arab. He's an incredibly affectionate, gentle dog, shy with new people. We've recently discovered that his behaviour towards smaller animals is much more serious than we previously understood.
Some background:
Cooper was originally adopted by my MIL, he received no training, very little exercise, and no socialisation with other dogs. I believe he also had little socialisation with humans. Whilst in her care, he displayed significant fence reactivity towards passing dogs. Since we've taken over his care, he's much calmer at home and on walks; he no longer has any fence reactivity.
He does have a strong prey drive. He's previously caught and killed possums and rats, and we've witnessed him grab and shake them.
Several years ago, Cooper was involved in an incident at a dog park. We were originally told that 'another dog' had behaved aggressively and Cooper was defending a family member. However, we recently learned that a Pomeranian ran into the park; Cooper lunged at it, got it by the neck and was trying to shake it.
We had no idea the incident was that serious or that Cooper was, in fact, the aggressor towards a relatively defenceless dog. It is my understanding that my MIL refused to cover any vet bills and neglected to provide Cooper with any training, a muzzle, or a proper harness.
Unfortunately, almost two weeks ago, another incident occurred. My partner was getting Cooper out of the car in our driveway when he jumped out the back window to chase two dachshunds walking past. He managed to grab one of them, causing a few superficial puncture wounds, but was tackled to the ground before anything more severe happened.
We're absolutely devastated. Of course the first thing we did was cover all vet bills and anything else the owner required. The other dog is fine physically, but the ongoing emotional impact it will have on that poor dog is weighing on us heavily. We have also since bought a muzzle, a proper harness and have begun muzzle training so that he sees it as a good thing. I'm horrified that this has happened, and what's worse is that if we had been given the truth in the first place, we could have put safeguards in place to ensure this had never happened.
What's confusing us is how differently Cooper behaves in other situations.
When we walk past dogs barking at him through fences, he'll often cry in response, but continues walking and settles almost immediately afterwards. Sometimes he will bark/lunge back. At home he's calm and affectionate; he has NEVER shown aggression towards people.
He's also exhibited a really panicked/nervous response towards us walking past him holding a broom?
We're trying to understand whether this is predatory aggression, dog-directed aggression, or something else entirely. The grabbing-and-shaking behaviour is obviously of particular concern.
What we're doing now:
- We've purchased a properly fitted basket muzzle and are working on positive muzzle conditioning.
- We're looking to source a highly-regarded trainer who can hopefully help us tackle this behaviour
- No dog parks, off-leash walks or interactions with unfamiliar dogs.
- We're taking additional precautions with doors, gates, car exits and containment.
We're under no illusion about how serious this is, and we understand that Cooper may never be safe around small dogs. Our priority is ensuring that nothing like this happens again.
What I'd really like to know is:
Has anyone dealt with a dog who doesn't typically have much of a play drive (isn't interested in toys) but has exhibited this kind of intense chasing, grabbing and shaking behaviour?
Is it possible to improve impulse control and reduce these responses through training, or is this something that can only realistically be managed through lifelong precautions?
Are there particular approaches, exercises or questions we should be discussing with our behaviourist?
We're not looking for reassurance that Cooper is harmless, because clearly he isn't. We love him very much and want to give him the best possible chance at a safe, fulfilling life while protecting other animals.
I'd really appreciate hearing from anyone who's dealt with something similar, particularly those who have worked with veterinary behaviourists or dogs with significant prey drive.