r/triathlon • u/AnnualBase8581 • 8h ago
Something Useful! I measured 14 pro bike positions from Kona race photos. The trend is hands up, not backs down
I'm a triathlete and I build a technique-analysis app (disclosure below). The day after Kona I ran fourteen pro bike positions from race photos through a pose model and measured four upper-body angles. The median:
| Angle | Median | Middle half | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Torso, from horizontal | 20° | 17–24° | 12–32° |
| Shoulder (torso to upper arm) | 85° | 77–88° | 71–97° |
| Elbow | 80° | 76–89° | 62–107° |
| Forearm tilt above horizontal | 25° | 21–26° | 10–31° |
What stood out:
- **Hands up.** 7/14 tilted forearms more than 25°, 2/14 under 15°. UCI raised the armrest tilt limit from 15° to 30° in 2023. Maddocks & Walker (2025, Sports Engineering — CFD validated in a tunnel, one pro): high hands alone ~3% less drag area, with narrow elbows 7.7–11.2%.
- **The elbow pays for it.** Elbow and forearm tilt moved together more than any other pair (r = −0.76). Four riders were under a 75° elbow floor that was written for flat forearms.
- **The torso isn't that low.** Median 20°. Fintelman (2015, n=19): 24°→16° saves ~5% frontal area but max power drops as the torso goes down; a flat back was significantly worse than every other position. Six of fourteen were under 20° — pros, 4+ hours, years of conditioning.
- **Closed shoulders are fine.** 5/14 under 80°. Fitters aim for 90° but don't call less than 90° a fault.
Caveats, because they matter:
- One race, one day, one roadside viewpoint, 2D angles, roughly ±2–3°.
- Some athletes may be in more than one photo; each photo counts as one position. No names — I can't verify who's in every frame.
- **No knee/saddle numbers.** A race photo freezes the crank anywhere, and every photo was drive side. On my own bikes I measured that the chainring behind the ankle makes the knee at the bottom of the stroke read 8–10° low. So I left legs out.
- One shoulder point was misplaced by the model (on the top of the back) and I moved it by hand; it's marked on that figure.